Abstract
The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the defense of nearly isogenic lines of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Thatcher) with the genes of resistance to brown rust introgressed from Agropyron species was studied using light microscopy. This disease is induced by the fungus Puccinia triticina Erikss. The presence of superoxide anion in the sites of infection was detected with the dye nitro blue tetrazolium. In addition, we studied fungus development on plants treated with the inhibitor of Ca2+-channels, verapamil, disturbing penetration into the cells of Ca2+ required for ROS generation. During fungus development in the immune line with the Lr38 resistance gene (from A. intermedium (Host) Beuv.), oxidative burst developed at the sites of contacts of appressoria with stomata and exerted a fungicidic effect. When ROS generation was suppressed, the fungus developed haustoria in the mesophyll cells. In plants with the Lr19 gene (from A. elongatum (Host) Beuv.), only moderate amount of superoxide anion accumulated on the cell walls of stomatal guard cells and in the infection structures when the fungus penetrated into the substomatal cavity and in mesophyll cells. In plants with the Lr24 gene (from A. elongatum), superoxide anion was detected only around haustoria. Suppression of ROS generation in plants harboring the Lr19 and Lr24 genes did not affect fungus entrance into the substomatal cavity but facilitated penetration of haustoria into the mesophyll cells. At the same time, in the lines with the Lr1 gene (from T. aestivum), cytological examination did not detect O 2 − accumulation in plant cells, whereas treatment with verapamil enhanced mycelium development. In all lines, the suppression of oxidative burst slowed the development of hypersensitive response.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
In the Lr38 line, oxidative burst at appressorium-stomata contact sites exerted a fungicidal effect on the fungus.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Interactor
- Puccinia triticina
Puccinia triticinae1pathogen - Gene
- Lr38e2
- Outcome
- fungicidic effecte2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat lines”
e2“During fungus development in the immune line with the Lr38 resistance gene (from A. intermedium (Host) Beuv.), oxidative burst developed at the sites of contacts of appressoria with stomata and exerted a fungicidic effect”
e1“This disease is induced by the fungus Puccinia triticina”
Claim · model-written summary
In the Lr19 line, only a moderate amount of superoxide anion accumulated on the cell walls of stomatal guard cells.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- Lr19e4
- Outcome
- superoxide anion accumulated on the cell walls of stomatal guard cellse4
- Qualifier
- only moderate amounte4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat lines”
e4“In plants with the Lr19 gene (from A. elongatum (Host) Beuv.), only moderate amount of superoxide anion accumulated on the cell walls of stomatal guard cells”
Claim · model-written summary
In the Lr24 line, superoxide anion was detected only around haustoria.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- Lr24e5
- Outcome
- superoxide anion was detected only around haustoriae5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat lines”
e5“In plants with the Lr24 gene (from A. elongatum), superoxide anion was detected only around haustoria”
Claim · model-written summary
Suppression of ROS generation did not affect fungus entrance into the substomatal cavity in Lr19 and Lr24 plants.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Suppression of ROS generatione3
- Interactor
- Puccinia triticinaPuccinia triticinae1pathogen
- Gene
- Lr19 and Lr24e3
- Outcome
- fungus entrance into the substomatal cavitye3
- Direction
- did not affecte3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat lines”
e3“Suppression of ROS generation in plants harboring the Lr19 and Lr24 genes did not affect fungus entrance into the substomatal cavity”
e1“This disease is induced by the fungus Puccinia triticina”
Claim · model-written summary
Suppression of ROS generation facilitated penetration of haustoria into the mesophyll cells in Lr19 and Lr24 plants.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Suppression of ROS generatione3
- Interactor
- Puccinia triticinaPuccinia triticinae1pathogen
- Gene
- Lr19 and Lr24e3
- Outcome
- penetration of haustoria into the mesophyll cellse3
- Direction
- facilitatede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat lines”
e3“Suppression of ROS generation in plants harboring the Lr19 and Lr24 genes did not affect fungus entrance into the substomatal cavity but facilitated penetration of haustoria into the mesophyll cells”
e1“This disease is induced by the fungus Puccinia triticina”
Claim · model-written summary
In the Lr1 line, cytological examination did not detect O 2 − accumulation in plant cells.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- Lr1e6
- Outcome
- O 2 − accumulation in plant cellse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat lines”
e6“in the lines with the Lr1 gene (from T. aestivum), cytological examination did not detect O 2 − accumulation in plant cells, whereas treatment with verapamil enhanced mycelium development”
Claim · model-written summary
Verapamil treatment enhanced fungal mycelium development in Lr1 lines.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- verapamile6
- Gene
- Lr1e6
- Outcome
- mycelium developmente6
- Direction
- enhancede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat lines”
e6“in the lines with the Lr1 gene (from T. aestivum), cytological examination did not detect O 2 − accumulation in plant cells, whereas treatment with verapamil enhanced mycelium development”
Claim · model-written summary
When ROS generation was suppressed with verapamil, the fungus developed haustoria in the mesophyll cells.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- verapamile7
- Interactor
- Puccinia triticinaPuccinia triticinae1pathogen
- Outcome
- developed haustoria in the mesophyll cellse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat lines”
e0“When ROS generation was suppressed, the fungus developed haustoria in the mesophyll cells”
e7“we studied fungus development on plants treated with the inhibitor of Ca2+-channels, verapamil”
e1“This disease is induced by the fungus Puccinia triticina”
Claim · model-written summary
Suppression of the oxidative burst slowed the development of the hypersensitive response in all lines.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- suppression of oxidative burste7
- Outcome
- development of hypersensitive responsee7
- Direction
- slowede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat lines”
e7“In all lines, the suppression of oxidative burst slowed the development of hypersensitive response”
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See all 177 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.