Abstract
Biologically-based spray treatments, including nucleopolyhedroviruses, neem, and spinosad, were evaluated as supplemental controls for the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), and corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on transgenic sweet corn, Zea mays (L.) (Poales: Poaceae), expressing a Cry1Ab toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) (Bt). Overall, transgenic corn supported lower densities of both pests than did nontransgenic corn. Control of the fall armyworm was improved in both whorl-stage and tassel-stage corn by the use of either a nucleopolyhedrovirus or neem, but the greatest improvement was seen with spinosad. Only spinosad consistently reduced damage to ears, which was caused by both pest species. In general, efficacy of the spray materials did not differ greatly between transgenic and nontransgenic corn.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic corn had lower fall armyworm density than nontransgenic corn.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- transgenic corne0
- Interactor
- fall armyworm
.jpg?width=60)
Spodoptera frugiperdae1pest - Outcome
- fall armyworme1
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- nontransgenic corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Overall, transgenic corn supported lower densities of both pests than did nontransgenic corn.”
e1“fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic corn had lower corn earworm density than nontransgenic corn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- transgenic corne0
- Interactor
- corn earworm
.jpg?width=60)
Helicoverpa zeae1pest - Outcome
- corn earworme1
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- nontransgenic corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Overall, transgenic corn supported lower densities of both pests than did nontransgenic corn.”
e1“corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nucleopolyhedrovirus improved fall armyworm control in whorl and tassel stage corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- whorl-stage and tassel-stagee0
- Treatment
- a nucleopolyhedroviruse0
- Interactor
- fall armywormSpodoptera frugiperdae0pest
- Outcome
- Control of the fall armyworme0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Control of the fall armyworm was improved in both whorl-stage and tassel-stage corn by the use of either a nucleopolyhedrovirus or neem”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem improved fall armyworm control in whorl and tassel stage corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- whorl-stage and tassel-stagee0
- Treatment
- neeme0
- Interactor
- fall armywormSpodoptera frugiperdae0pest
- Outcome
- Control of the fall armyworme0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Control of the fall armyworm was improved in both whorl-stage and tassel-stage corn by the use of either a nucleopolyhedrovirus or neem”
Claim · model-written summary
Spinosad gave the greatest improvement in fall armyworm control.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- spinosade0
- Interactor
- fall armywormSpodoptera frugiperdae1pest
- Outcome
- Control of the fall armyworme1
- Direction
- greatest improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but the greatest improvement was seen with spinosad.”
e1“Control of the fall armyworm was improved in both whorl-stage and tassel-stage corn”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Only spinosad consistently reduced ear damage caused by both pest species.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- spinosade0
- Outcome
- damage to earse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only spinosad consistently reduced damage to ears, which was caused by both pest species.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Spray efficacy did not differ greatly between transgenic and nontransgenic corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- efficacy of the spray materialse0
- Direction
- did not differ greatlye0
- Comparator
- nontransgenic corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In general, efficacy of the spray materials did not differ greatly between transgenic and nontransgenic corn.”
The same questions in other papers
spinosad · pest · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
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- positive
- positive
- positive
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25 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
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48 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
49 papers more in this group
See all 53 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.