Abstract
Radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Redondo Vermelho) seedlings were analysed by light and scanning electron microscopy to characterize the structural changes caused by the exposure to 0.5 or 1.0 mM cadmium chloride for 24, 48 and 72 h. The analyses showed changes in the anatomical and morphological characteristics of roots, stems and leaves of two-week-old seedlings. In all tissues, pressure potential was decreased. Premature death with the disintegration of the epidermis and an increase in the number of root hairs was observed in roots exposed to Cd. The stem of seedlings exposed to Cd exhibited more cells layers in the cambial region. The main effects observed in leaves in response to Cd were stomatal closure, lack of cell wall thickening and alterations in the shape of the chloroplasts. It is suggested that the structural changes observed in seedlings treated with Cd were mainly caused by a Cd-induced decrease in water uptake.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium-exposed radish seedlings had changed root, stem and leaf anatomy and morphology.
- Taxon
- Radish
Raphanus sativust0 - Treatment
- cadmium chloridee1
- Outcome
- anatomical and morphological characteristicse0
- Direction
- changese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“changes in the anatomical and morphological characteristics of roots, stems and leaves of two-week-old seedlings”
t0“Radish”
e1“exposure to 0.5 or 1.0 mM cadmium chloride for 24, 48 and 72 h”
Claim · model-written summary
Pressure potential decreased in all tissues.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- Cde1
- Outcome
- pressure potentiale0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all tissues, pressure potential was decreased”
t0“Radish”
e1“roots exposed to Cd”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium-exposed roots showed premature death and epidermal disintegration.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- Cde0
- Outcome
- Premature death with the disintegration of the epidermise0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Premature death with the disintegration of the epidermis and an increase in the number of root hairs was observed in roots exposed to Cd”
t0“Radish”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium exposure increased root hair number.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- Cde0
- Outcome
- number of root hairse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in the number of root hairs was observed in roots exposed to Cd”
t0“Radish”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium-exposed seedling stems had more cell layers in the cambial region.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- Cde0
- Outcome
- cells layers in the cambial regione0
- Direction
- moree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The stem of seedlings exposed to Cd exhibited more cells layers in the cambial region”
t0“Radish”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium caused leaf stomatal closure.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- Cde0
- Outcome
- stomatal closuree0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The main effects observed in leaves in response to Cd were stomatal closure, lack of cell wall thickening and alterations in the shape of the chloroplasts”
t0“Radish”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium-exposed leaves lacked cell-wall thickening.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- Cde0
- Outcome
- lack of cell wall thickeninge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The main effects observed in leaves in response to Cd were stomatal closure, lack of cell wall thickening and alterations in the shape of the chloroplasts”
t0“Radish”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium altered chloroplast shape in leaves.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- Cde0
- Outcome
- shape of the chloroplastse0
- Direction
- alterationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The main effects observed in leaves in response to Cd were stomatal closure, lack of cell wall thickening and alterations in the shape of the chloroplasts”
t0“Radish”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest cadmium-induced reduced water uptake mainly caused seedling structural changes.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- Cde0
- Outcome
- structural changese0
- Qualifier
- Cd-induced decrease in water uptakee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“structural changes observed in seedlings treated with Cd were mainly caused by a Cd-induced decrease in water uptake”
t0“Radish”
The same questions in other papers
cadmium atom · growth · Raphanus sativus (radish)Positive and negative results
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.