Abstract
Field experiments were conducted at Hays and Manhattan, KS, in 2002 and 2003 to determine winter wheat response to simulated drift rates of glyphosate and imazamox. Glyphosate and imazamox at 1/100×, 1/33×, 1/10×, and 1/3× of usage rates of 840 g ae/ha glyphosate and 35 g/ha imzamox were applied individually to wheat in the early jointing or the early flower stages of growth. Wheat injury and yield loss increased as herbicide rate was increased, with minimal effect from either herbicide at the 1/100× rate, and nearly complete kill and yield loss of wheat from both herbicides applied at the 1/3× rate, regardless of growth stage at application. In general, wheat injury and yield reduction were greater from glyphosate than from imazamox. In addition, wheat injury and yield loss were greater from herbicide treatment at the jointing stage than at the flowering stage of development. Correlation analysis suggests that visual injury is an accurate indicator of yield reductions. Germination tests of harvested grain showed that the viability of the wheat seed was not reduced if plants survived the herbicide treatment and produced a harvestable seed.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat injury rose with herbicide rate.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- herbicide ratee0
- Outcome
- Wheat injurye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Response”
e0“Wheat injury and yield loss increased as herbicide rate was increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat yield loss rose with herbicide rate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- herbicide ratee0
- Outcome
- yield losse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Response”
e0“Wheat injury and yield loss increased as herbicide rate was increased”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1/100× rate of either herbicide had minimal effect on wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- either herbicide at the 1/100× ratee0
- Outcome
- minimal effecte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Response”
e0“with minimal effect from either herbicide at the 1/100× rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Both herbicides at 1/3× nearly killed wheat and eliminated yield regardless of application stage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- both herbicides applied at the 1/3× ratee0
- Outcome
- kill and yield loss of wheate0
- Direction
- nearly completee0
- Qualifier
- regardless of growth stage at applicatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Response”
e0“nearly complete kill and yield loss of wheat from both herbicides applied at the 1/3× rate, regardless of growth stage at application”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate generally caused greater wheat injury than imazamox.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- wheat injurye0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- imazamoxe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Response”
e0“wheat injury and yield reduction were greater from glyphosate than from imazamox”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate generally caused greater wheat yield reduction than imazamox.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- yield reductione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- imazamoxe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Response”
e0“wheat injury and yield reduction were greater from glyphosate than from imazamox”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application at jointing caused more injury than at flowering.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- herbicide treatment at the jointing stagee0
- Outcome
- wheat injurye0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- flowering stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Response”
e0“wheat injury and yield loss were greater from herbicide treatment at the jointing stage than at the flowering stage of development”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application at jointing caused more yield loss than at flowering.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- herbicide treatment at the jointing stagee0
- Outcome
- yield losse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- flowering stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Response”
e0“wheat injury and yield loss were greater from herbicide treatment at the jointing stage than at the flowering stage of development”
Claim · model-written summary
Visual injury indicated wheat yield reduction accurately.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- yield reductionse0
- Qualifier
- visual injurye0
Not reportedOrgan / stageDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Response”
e0“Correlation analysis suggests that visual injury is an accurate indicator of yield reductions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Surviving herbicide-treated wheat that produced harvestable seed showed no reduction in seed viability.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- viability of the wheat seede0
- Direction
- not reducede0
- Qualifier
- if plants survived the herbicide treatment and produced a harvestable seede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Response”
e0“the viability of the wheat seed was not reduced if plants survived the herbicide treatment and produced a harvestable seed”
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See all 563 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.