Abstract
In 1998, a devastating outbreak of rust disease severely damaged the garlic crop in California, resulting in yield losses of 51% and an economic loss of 27% to the industry. The disease also occurred in 1999 and 2000, indicating that rust may have become an annual problem in some parts of the state. The presence of urediniospores, two-celled teliospores, and telial paraphyses indicated that the pathogen was Puccinia allii. Isolates from garlic infected onion and chives, but not leek, elephant garlic, or shallot in inoculation experiments. Garlic cloves obtained from diseased plants were planted under controlled conditions, but the resulting plants did not develop rust. Fungicide trials were conducted for 3 years and showed that none of the currently registered materials gave satisfactory control. However, tebuconazole and azoxystrobin provided good protection against rust if sprayed at 10-day intervals. A variety trial of 34 garlic cultivars and selections was planted, inoculated, and evaluated for resistance to rust. Although there was variability in rust severity among the selections, acceptable levels of resistance were not observed in any cultivar.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic rust caused 51% yield losses in the California outbreak.
- Taxon
- garlic
Allium sativume0 - Interactor
- rust diseasee0pathogen
- Outcome
- yield lossese0
- Value
- 51%e0
- Setting
- Californiae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rust disease severely damaged the garlic crop in California, resulting in yield losses of 51%”
Claim · model-written summary
The garlic rust outbreak caused a 27% economic loss to the industry.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Outcome
- economic losse0
- Value
- 27%e0
- Setting
- Californiae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the garlic crop in California, resulting in yield losses of 51% and an economic loss of 27% to the industry.”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic rust also occurred in 1999 and 2000.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume1
- Outcome
- disease also occurrede0
- Setting
- Californiae1
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The disease also occurred in 1999 and 2000”
e1“garlic crop in California”
Claim · model-written summary
Spore and paraphysis features identified the garlic rust pathogen as Puccinia allii.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume1
- Interactor
- Puccinia allii
.jpg?width=60)
Puccinia alliie0pathogen - Outcome
- pathogen was Puccinia alliie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The presence of urediniospores, two-celled teliospores, and telial paraphyses indicated that the pathogen was Puccinia allii.”
e1“garlic crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic rust isolates infected onion in inoculation tests.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepae0 - Treatment
- Isolates from garlice0
- Outcome
- infected onione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Isolates from garlic infected onion and chives, but not leek, elephant garlic, or shallot in inoculation experiments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic rust isolates infected chives in inoculation tests.
- Taxon
- chives
Allium schoenoprasume0 - Outcome
- infected onion and chivese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Isolates from garlic infected onion and chives, but not leek, elephant garlic, or shallot in inoculation experiments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic rust isolates did not infect leek, elephant garlic or shallot in inoculation tests.
- Taxon
- leek
Allium ampeloprasume0 - Outcome
- not leek, elephant garlic, or shallote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but not leek, elephant garlic, or shallot in inoculation experiments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants grown from cloves of diseased garlic did not develop rust.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativume0
- Organ / stage
- clovese0
- Outcome
- did not develop ruste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Garlic cloves obtained from diseased plants were planted under controlled conditions, but the resulting plants did not develop rust.”
Claim · model-written summary
Currently registered fungicides gave unsatisfactory garlic rust control.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume1
- Treatment
- currently registered materialse0
- Outcome
- satisfactory controle0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“none of the currently registered materials gave satisfactory control.”
e1“garlic cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Tebuconazole sprayed at 10-day intervals gave good garlic rust protection.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume1
- Treatment
- tebuconazolee0
- Outcome
- good protection against ruste0
- Qualifier
- 10-day intervalse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tebuconazole and azoxystrobin provided good protection against rust if sprayed at 10-day intervals.”
e1“garlic cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Azoxystrobin sprayed at 10-day intervals gave good garlic rust protection.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume1
- Treatment
- azoxystrobine0
- Outcome
- good protection against ruste0
- Qualifier
- 10-day intervalse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tebuconazole and azoxystrobin provided good protection against rust if sprayed at 10-day intervals.”
e1“garlic cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic selections varied in rust severity.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume1
- Material
- selectionse0
- Outcome
- rust severitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was variability in rust severity among the selections”
e1“garlic cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
No garlic cultivar had acceptable rust resistance.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume1
- Material
- cultivare0
- Outcome
- acceptable levels of resistancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“acceptable levels of resistance were not observed in any cultivar.”
e1“garlic cultivars”
The same questions in other papers
azoxystrobin · disease · Allium sativum (garlic)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
tebuconazole · disease · Allium sativum (garlic)Results agree
8 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.