Abstract
The cytosolic pools of glucose-1-phosphate (Glc-1-P) and glucose-6-phosphate are essential intermediates in several biosynthetic paths, including the formation of sucrose and cell wall constituents, and they are also linked to the cytosolic starch-related heteroglycans. In this work, structural features and biochemical properties of starch-related heteroglycans were analyzed as affected by the cytosolic glucose monophosphate metabolism using both source and sink organs from wild-type and various transgenic potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants. In leaves, increased levels of the cytosolic phosphoglucomutase (cPGM) did affect the cytosolic heteroglycans, as both the glucosyl content and the size distribution were diminished. By contrast, underexpression of cPGM resulted in an unchanged size distribution and an unaltered or even increased glucosyl content of the heteroglycans. Heteroglycans prepared from potato tubers were found to be similar to those from leaves but were not significantly affected by the level of cPGM activity. However, external glucose or Glc-1-P exerted entirely different effects on the cytosolic heteroglycans when added to tuber discs. Glucose was directed mainly toward starch and cell wall material, but incorporation into the constituents of the cytosolic heteroglycans was very low and roughly reflected the relative monomeric abundance. By contrast, Glc-1-P was selectively taken up by the tuber discs and resulted in a fast increase in the glucosyl content of the heteroglycans that quantitatively reflected the level of the cytosolic phosphorylase activity. Based on (14)C labeling experiments, we propose that in the cytosol, glucose and Glc-1-P are metabolized by largely separated paths.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
In potato leaves, higher cPGM reduced heteroglycan glucosyl content.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume1 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- increased levels of the cytosolic phosphoglucomutase (cPGM)e0
- Gene
- cytosolic phosphoglucomutase (cPGM)e0
- Outcome
- glucosyl contente0
- Direction
- diminishede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In leaves, increased levels of the cytosolic phosphoglucomutase (cPGM) did affect the cytosolic heteroglycans, as both the glucosyl content and the size distribution were diminished.”
e1“potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
In potato leaves, higher cPGM reduced heteroglycan size distribution.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- increased levels of the cytosolic phosphoglucomutase (cPGM)e0
- Gene
- cPGMe0
- Outcome
- size distributione0
- Direction
- diminishede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In leaves, increased levels of the cytosolic phosphoglucomutase (cPGM) did affect the cytosolic heteroglycans, as both the glucosyl content and the size distribution were diminished.”
e1“potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Underexpression of cPGM left potato leaf heteroglycan size distribution unchanged.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- underexpression of cPGMe0
- Gene
- cPGMe0
- Outcome
- size distributione0
- Direction
- unchangede0
Not reportedOrgan / stageComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“underexpression of cPGM resulted in an unchanged size distribution”
e1“potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Underexpression of cPGM left glucosyl content unchanged or increased in potato leaf heteroglycans.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- underexpression of cPGMe0
- Gene
- cPGMe0
- Outcome
- glucosyl contente0
- Direction
- unaltered or even increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“underexpression of cPGM resulted in an unchanged size distribution and an unaltered or even increased glucosyl content of the heteroglycans.”
e1“potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Potato tuber heteroglycans resembled those from leaves.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Organ / stage
- tuberse0
- Outcome
- Heteroglycanse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heteroglycans prepared from potato tubers were found to be similar to those from leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Potato tuber heteroglycans were not significantly affected by cPGM activity.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Organ / stage
- tuberse1
- Gene
- cPGMe0
- Outcome
- Heteroglycanse1
- Direction
- not significantly affectede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were not significantly affected by the level of cPGM activity”
e1“Heteroglycans prepared from potato tubers”
Claim · model-written summary
Added glucose was incorporated mainly into starch and cell-wall material in potato tuber discs.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- Glucosee0
- Outcome
- starch and cell wall materiale0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glucose was directed mainly toward starch and cell wall material”
e1“potato tubers”
Claim · model-written summary
Added glucose had very low incorporation into cytosolic heteroglycans.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume2
- Treatment
- glucosee1
- Outcome
- incorporation into the constituents of the cytosolic heteroglycanse0
- Direction
- very lowe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“incorporation into the constituents of the cytosolic heteroglycans was very low and roughly reflected the relative monomeric abundance”
e1“external glucose or Glc-1-P exerted entirely different effects”
e2“potato tubers”
Claim · model-written summary
Added Glc-1-P was selectively taken up by potato tuber discs.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- Glc-1-Pe0
- Outcome
- taken up by the tuber discse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glc-1-P was selectively taken up by the tuber discs”
e1“potato tubers”
Claim · model-written summary
Added Glc-1-P rapidly increased tuber heteroglycan glucosyl content.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- Glc-1-Pe0
- Outcome
- glucosyl content of the heteroglycanse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- faste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glc-1-P was selectively taken up by the tuber discs and resulted in a fast increase in the glucosyl content of the heteroglycans”
e1“potato tubers”
Claim · model-written summary
The Glc-1-P-induced heteroglycan glucosyl increase reflected cytosolic phosphorylase activity.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume2
- Gene
- cytosolic phosphorylasee0
- Outcome
- glucosyl content of the heteroglycanse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“quantitatively reflected the level of the cytosolic phosphorylase activity”
e1“fast increase in the glucosyl content of the heteroglycans”
e2“potato tubers”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors proposed largely separate cytosolic metabolism of glucose and Glc-1-P.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Outcome
- metabolized by largely separated pathse0
- Qualifier
- in the cytosole0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the cytosol, glucose and Glc-1-P are metabolized by largely separated paths”
e1“potato tubers”
The same questions in other papers
glucose · molecular: metabolites · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.