Abstract
A wild soybean variety (Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc. line Nakei-No. 1) and a cultivated soybean variety (Glycine max L. Merr. cv. Tamahomare) were subjected to treatments of CO2 enrichment and/or 50 ppm nitrate (NO3-N) application during the pod-filling period and the growth and dinitrogen fixation of the plants were examined. 1. The whole plant weight of the soybean cultivar was increased by CO2 enrichment and did not change by NO3-N application, whereas the wild soybean variety responded neither to CO2 enrichment nor to NO3-N application. In the wild soybean variety, CO2 enrichment promoted yellowing and death of leaves, while NO3-N application prevented those phenomena from occuring. 2. In the absence of NO3-N in the culture medium, the dinitrogen-fixing activity in the soybean cultivar increased by CO2 enrichment, whereas it decreased in the wild soybean variety. In the soybean cultivar, the adverse effect of NO3-N on the dinitrogen fixation was alleviated by CO2 enrichment. 3. The whole plant N increment of the soybean cultivar increased by CO2 enrichment and/or NO3-N application, whereas the reverse trend was observed in the wild soybean variety. In the presence of NO3-N in the culture medium, CO2 enrichment led to an increase in the accumulation of fixed-N and to a decrease in the combined-N accumulation in both varieties. 4. The concentration of sugars and starch in the leaves of both varieties increased by CO2 enrichment, especially the starch concentration in the leaf blades of the soybean cultivar and that in the yellow leaves of the wild variety. For the nodules, CO2 enrichment tended to increase the concentration of sugars and starch in the cultivar but to decrease that of the wild variety. 5. CO2 enrichment led to an increase in the export rate of photosynthetically fixed 14C from leaves to other parts in the cultivar, but did not affect it in the wild variety. The l4C distribution percentage in nodules decreased only in the wild variety by CO2 enrichment. Based on these results, it is assumed that during the pod-filling period, the growth of the cultivar is limited by photosynthate supply, while that of the wild variety is limited mainly by the low ability to receive photosynthates and N.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
CO2 enrichment increased cultivated soybean whole plant weight.
- Taxon
- Glycine max L. Merr.
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- CO2 enrichmente0
- Outcome
- whole plant weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The whole plant weight of the soybean cultivar was increased by CO2 enrichment”
e1“Glycine max L. Merr.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate did not change cultivated soybean whole plant weight.
- Taxon
- Glycine max L. Merr.Glycine maxe1
- Treatment
- NO3-N applicatione0
- Outcome
- whole plant weighte0
- Direction
- did not changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The whole plant weight of the soybean cultivar was increased by CO2 enrichment and did not change by NO3-N application”
e1“Glycine max L. Merr.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild soybean whole plant weight responded to neither CO2 enrichment nor nitrate.
- Taxon
- Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.e2
- Treatment
- CO2 enrichment nor to NO3-N applicatione0
- Outcome
- whole plant weighte1
- Direction
- responded neithere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the wild soybean variety responded neither to CO2 enrichment nor to NO3-N application”
e1“whole plant weight”
e2“Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.”
Claim · model-written summary
CO2 enrichment promoted yellowing and death of wild soybean leaves.
- Taxon
- Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.e1
- Treatment
- CO2 enrichmente0
- Outcome
- yellowing and death of leavese0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In the wild soybean variety, CO2 enrichment promoted yellowing and death of leaves”
e1“Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate prevented yellowing and death of wild soybean leaves.
- Taxon
- Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.e2
- Treatment
- NO3-N applicatione0
- Outcome
- yellowing and death of leavese1
- Direction
- preventede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“NO3-N application prevented those phenomena from occuring”
e1“yellowing and death of leaves”
e2“Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.”
Claim · model-written summary
Without nitrate, CO2 enrichment increased dinitrogen fixation in cultivated soybean.
- Taxon
- Glycine max L. Merr.Glycine maxe1
- Treatment
- CO2 enrichmente0
- Outcome
- dinitrogen-fixing activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- absence of NO3-Ne0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the absence of NO3-N in the culture medium, the dinitrogen-fixing activity in the soybean cultivar increased by CO2 enrichment”
e1“Glycine max L. Merr.”
Claim · model-written summary
Without nitrate, CO2 enrichment decreased dinitrogen fixation in wild soybean.
- Taxon
- Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.e3
- Treatment
- CO2 enrichmente2
- Outcome
- dinitrogen-fixing activitye1
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“whereas it decreased in the wild soybean variety”
e1“dinitrogen-fixing activity”
e2“In the absence of NO3-N in the culture medium, the dinitrogen-fixing activity in the soybean cultivar increased by CO2 enrichment”
e3“Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.”
Claim · model-written summary
CO2 enrichment alleviated the adverse nitrate effect on cultivated soybean dinitrogen fixation.
- Taxon
- Glycine max L. Merr.Glycine maxe1
- Treatment
- CO2 enrichmente0
- Outcome
- dinitrogen fixatione0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the adverse effect of NO3-N on the dinitrogen fixation was alleviated by CO2 enrichment”
e1“Glycine max L. Merr.”
Claim · model-written summary
CO2 enrichment and nitrate increased whole plant N increment in cultivated soybean.
- Taxon
- Glycine max L. Merr.Glycine maxe1
- Treatment
- CO2 enrichment and/or NO3-N applicatione0
- Outcome
- whole plant N incremente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The whole plant N increment of the soybean cultivar increased by CO2 enrichment and/or NO3-N application”
e1“Glycine max L. Merr.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild soybean showed the reverse whole plant N increment response to CO2 and nitrate.
- Taxon
- Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.e1
- Treatment
- CO2 enrichment and/or NO3-N applicatione0
- Outcome
- whole plant N incremente0
- Direction
- reverse trende0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The whole plant N increment of the soybean cultivar increased by CO2 enrichment and/or NO3-N application, whereas the reverse trend was observed in the wild soybean variety”
e1“Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.”
Claim · model-written summary
With nitrate, CO2 enrichment increased fixed N accumulation in both varieties.
- Taxon
- Glycine max L. Merr.Glycine maxe2
- Treatment
- CO2 enrichmente0
- Outcome
- accumulation of fixed-Ne0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- presence of NO3-Ne0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the presence of NO3-N in the culture medium, CO2 enrichment led to an increase in the accumulation of fixed-N”
e1“both varieties. 4.”
e2“Glycine max L. Merr.”
e3“Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.”
Claim · model-written summary
With nitrate, CO2 enrichment decreased combined N accumulation in both varieties.
- Taxon
- Glycine max L. Merr.Glycine maxe1
- Treatment
- CO2 enrichmente0
- Outcome
- combined-N accumulatione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CO2 enrichment led to an increase in the accumulation of fixed-N and to a decrease in the combined-N accumulation in both varieties”
e1“Glycine max L. Merr.”
Claim · model-written summary
CO2 enrichment increased leaf sugar and starch concentration in both varieties.
- Taxon
- Glycine max L. Merr.Glycine maxe1
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- CO2 enrichmente0
- Outcome
- concentration of sugars and starche0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The concentration of sugars and starch in the leaves of both varieties increased by CO2 enrichment”
e1“Glycine max L. Merr.”
Claim · model-written summary
CO2 enrichment tended to increase nodule sugars and starch in the cultivar.
- Taxon
- Glycine max L. Merr.Glycine maxe2
- Organ / stage
- nodulese1
- Treatment
- CO2 enrichmente0
- Outcome
- concentration of sugars and starche0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- tended to increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CO2 enrichment tended to increase the concentration of sugars and starch in the cultivar”
e1“For the nodules”
e2“Glycine max L. Merr.”
Claim · model-written summary
CO2 enrichment tended to decrease nodule sugars and starch in the wild variety.
- Taxon
- Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.e4
- Organ / stage
- nodulese3
- Treatment
- CO2 enrichmente2
- Outcome
- concentration of sugars and starche1
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“but to decrease that of the wild variety”
e1“concentration of sugars and starch in the leaves”
e2“For the nodules, CO2 enrichment”
e3“For the nodules”
e4“Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.”
Claim · model-written summary
CO2 enrichment increased export of photosynthetically fixed 14C from cultivar leaves.
- Taxon
- Glycine max L. Merr.Glycine maxe1
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- CO2 enrichmente0
- Outcome
- export rate of photosynthetically fixed 14Ce0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CO2 enrichment led to an increase in the export rate of photosynthetically fixed 14C from leaves to other parts in the cultivar”
e1“Glycine max L. Merr.”
Claim · model-written summary
CO2 enrichment did not affect export of photosynthetically fixed 14C in wild soybean.
- Taxon
- Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.e3
- Treatment
- CO2 enrichmente2
- Outcome
- export rate of photosynthetically fixed 14Ce1
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“but did not affect it in the wild variety”
e1“export rate of photosynthetically fixed 14C”
e2“CO2 enrichment led to an increase in the export rate”
e3“Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.”
Claim · model-written summary
CO2 enrichment decreased the nodule share of 14C in wild soybean.
- Taxon
- Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.e1
- Organ / stage
- nodulese0
- Treatment
- CO2 enrichmente0
- Outcome
- l4C distribution percentagee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The l4C distribution percentage in nodules decreased only in the wild variety by CO2 enrichment”
e1“Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer cultivar growth is limited by photosynthate supply.
- Taxon
- Glycine max L. Merr.Glycine maxe1
- Outcome
- growth of the cultivare0
- Qualifier
- limited by photosynthate supplye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the growth of the cultivar is limited by photosynthate supply”
e1“Glycine max L. Merr.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer wild soybean growth is limited by ability to receive photosynthates and N.
Verbatim
e0“that of the wild variety is limited mainly by the low ability to receive photosynthates and N”
e1“the growth of the cultivar”
e2“Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.”
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