Abstract
It is not known whether NO − 3 inhibition of nodulation is primarily due to effects on the host plant or on the bacterials train. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of NO − 3 on nodule appearance and development of nitrogenase (acetylene reduction) activity of various Glycine max (L.) Merr. cultivar ✕ Bradyrhizobiumja ponicum (Kirchner) Buchanan strain combinations. Plants were grown hydroponically in controlled environment cabinets. NO − 3 was either resupplied daily (“maintained”) during the growth period or allowed to deplete with plant growth (“rundown”). Nodule development was delayed all NO − 3 treatment conditions (both maintained and rundown), the delay being more severe at higher NO − 3 concentrations. The external concentration of NO − 3 rather than the rate of NO − 3 uptake appeared to have a major effect on the initial stages of nodulation. Treatment conditions providing similar rates of NO − 3 up take from different solution NO − 3 concentrations( 4.0 mM rundown vs. 0.5. mM maintained) resulted in a more marked inhibition of nodule appearance at the higher level of solution NO − 3 . Maintaining the solution concentration of NO − 3 at 1.0 mM following the appearance of nodules greatly retarded, or prevented, the development of nitrogenase activity (C 2 H 2 reduction). Minor differences in the tolerance of nodulation to NO − 3 were observed among eight B. j. uponicum strains (preselected from 46 strains). More variation existed among 12 soybean cultivars (preselected from 23 cultivars) with respect to their ability to nodulate in the presence of NO − 3 . The cvs. Elf and Avoyelles were notable in having good nodulation tolerance to NO − 3 when infected by USDA110. This indicated that, with selection and breeding, enhanced NO − 3 tolerance of nodulation between soybean and B. japonicum should be possible.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate delayed nodule development under maintained and rundown supply.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- NO − 3 treatment conditions (both maintained and rundown)e0
- Outcome
- Nodule developmente0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodule development was delayed all NO − 3 treatment conditions (both maintained and rundown)”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher nitrate concentrations caused more severe nodule development delay.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- higher NO − 3 concentrationse0
- Outcome
- delaye0
- Direction
- more severee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the delay being more severe at higher NO − 3 concentrations”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
External nitrate concentration appeared to affect initial nodulation more than nitrate uptake rate.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- external concentration of NO − 3e0
- Outcome
- initial stages of nodulatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The external concentration of NO − 3 rather than the rate of NO − 3 uptake appeared to have a major effect on the initial stages of nodulation”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher solution nitrate caused greater inhibition of nodule appearance at similar nitrate uptake rates.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- higher level of solution NO − 3e0
- Outcome
- nodule appearancee0
- Direction
- more marked inhibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resulted in a more marked inhibition of nodule appearance at the higher level of solution NO − 3”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Maintaining 1.0 mM nitrate after nodules appeared greatly retarded or prevented nitrogenase activity development.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Maintaining the solution concentration of NO − 3 at 1.0 mM following the appearance of nodulese0
- Outcome
- development of nitrogenase activitye0
- Direction
- greatly retarded, or preventede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maintaining the solution concentration of NO − 3 at 1.0 mM following the appearance of nodules greatly retarded, or prevented, the development of nitrogenase activity”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Eight rhizobial strains showed minor differences in nodulation tolerance to nitrate.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- B. j. uponicume0symbiont
- Outcome
- tolerance of nodulation to NO − 3e0
- Value
- eighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Minor differences in the tolerance of nodulation to NO − 3 were observed among eight B. j. uponicum strains”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Twelve soybean cultivars varied more in nitrate-tolerant nodulation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- ability to nodulate in the presence of NO − 3e0
- Direction
- More variatione0
- Value
- 12e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More variation existed among 12 soybean cultivars (preselected from 23 cultivars) with respect to their ability to nodulate in the presence of NO − 3”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Elf and Avoyelles had good nitrate-tolerant nodulation with USDA110.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Elf and Avoyellese0
- Interactor
- USDA110e0symbiont
- Outcome
- good nodulation tolerance to NO − 3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cvs. Elf and Avoyelles were notable in having good nodulation tolerance to NO − 3 when infected by USDA110”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend breeding enhanced nitrate tolerance of soybean nodulation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- enhanced NO − 3 tolerance of nodulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with selection and breeding, enhanced NO − 3 tolerance of nodulation between soybean and B. japonicum should be possible”
t0“Soybean”
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.