Abstract
Friable, embryogenic (FE) callus cultures are desired for genetic manipulations at the cellular level. The goal of this research was to develop and characterize such cultures for oat ( Avena spp .). Nonfriable (NF) oat callus derived from immature embryos was plated on a modified MS medium containing 60 g L −1 sucrose and no hormones. This treatment resulted in the development of distinct somatic embryos that germinated to form complete plants when placed on a modified MS medium containing 20 mg L −1 sucrose and no hormones. Embryogenic sectors isolated from 26‐wk‐old NF callus were visually selected during repeated subculture on a modified MS medium containing 2 mg L −1 , 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D) and 20 g L −1 sucrose to produce FE callus. Transfer of FE callus to a modified MS medium containing 60 g L −1 sucrose and no hormones induced the maturation of somatic embryos. Subsequent transfer of this FE callus to modified MS medium containing 20 g L −1 sucrose and no hormones allowed the germination of some of these embryos. Plants were regenerated from FE callus lines for more than 78 wk after FE callus establishment. Friable embryogenic callus also was initiated directly from immature embryos of three genotypes and seedling mesocotyls of two genotypes. Genotypic variation in this response was noted. The FE oat cultures represent an improved callus type for in vitro genetic manipulation of oat.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Hormone-free medium yielded somatic embryos from nonfriable oat callus.
- Taxon
- oat
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- a modified MS medium containing 60 g L −1 sucrose and no hormonese0
- Outcome
- development of distinct somatic embryose0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nonfriable (NF) oat callus derived from immature embryos was plated on a modified MS medium containing 60 g L −1 sucrose and no hormones. This treatment resulted in the development of distinct somatic embryos”
Claim · model-written summary
The somatic embryos germinated into complete plants after transfer.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- a modified MS medium containing 20 mg L −1 sucrose and no hormonese0
- Outcome
- germinated to form complete plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“somatic embryos that germinated to form complete plants when placed on a modified MS medium containing 20 mg L −1 sucrose and no hormones”
t0“Oat Callus”
Claim · model-written summary
Subculture of selected sectors produced friable embryogenic callus.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- a modified MS medium containing 2 mg L −1 , 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D) and 20 g L −1 sucrosee0
- Outcome
- produce FE calluse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Embryogenic sectors isolated from 26‐wk‐old NF callus were visually selected during repeated subculture on a modified MS medium containing 2 mg L −1 , 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D) and 20 g L −1 sucrose to produce FE callus”
t0“Oat Callus”
Claim · model-written summary
Transfer to high-sucrose hormone-free medium induced somatic embryo maturation.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- a modified MS medium containing 60 g L −1 sucrose and no hormonese0
- Outcome
- maturation of somatic embryose0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transfer of FE callus to a modified MS medium containing 60 g L −1 sucrose and no hormones induced the maturation of somatic embryos”
t0“Oat Callus”
Claim · model-written summary
Transfer to lower-sucrose hormone-free medium enabled some embryos to germinate.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Treatment
- modified MS medium containing 20 g L −1 sucrose and no hormonese0
- Outcome
- germination of some of these embryose0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Subsequent transfer of this FE callus to modified MS medium containing 20 g L −1 sucrose and no hormones allowed the germination of some of these embryos”
t0“Oat Callus”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants were regenerated from FE callus lines more than 78 weeks after establishment.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Outcome
- Plants were regeneratede0
- Value
- more than 78 wke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants were regenerated from FE callus lines for more than 78 wk after FE callus establishment”
t0“Oat Callus”
Claim · model-written summary
FE callus initiated directly from immature embryos of three genotypes.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Organ / stage
- immature embryose0
- Outcome
- Friable embryogenic callus also was initiated directlye0
- Value
- three genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Friable embryogenic callus also was initiated directly from immature embryos of three genotypes”
t0“Oat Callus”
Claim · model-written summary
FE callus initiated directly from seedling mesocotyls of two genotypes.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Organ / stage
- seedling mesocotylse0
- Outcome
- Friable embryogenic callus also was initiated directlye0
- Value
- two genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Friable embryogenic callus also was initiated directly from immature embryos of three genotypes and seedling mesocotyls of two genotypes”
t0“Oat Callus”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotypic variation occurred in direct FE callus initiation.
- Taxon
- OatAvena sativat0
- Outcome
- Genotypic variation in this responsee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genotypic variation in this response was noted”
t0“Oat Callus”
The same questions in other papers
sucrose · growth · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
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See all 5 papers →in vitro · growth · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
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- no effect
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See all 6 papers →class · growth · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
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See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.