Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of doses of sewage sludge (SS) when applied for sixteen consecutive years to the Brazilian Oxisols Typic Haplothox (sandy) and Typic Eutrorthox (clayey), on the chemical characteristics of soil fertility. The experiment was carried out in a field at Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil, using experimental design in randomized blocks with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Sewage sludge was applied on soil surface and incorporated at the 0-10 cm depth with a light harrow. Sixty days after SS application, soil samples were collected at the depth 0-20 cm (10 simple samples per plot, which were mixed to obtain a composite sample). The treatments were T1 = no SS and mineral fertilization based on soil chemical analysis, T2 = 5 t ha -1 SS, T3 = 10 t ha -1 SS, T4 = 20 t ha -1 SS, dry weight basis. Except for K in the Typic Eutrothox, the amendment of the soils did not affect soil fertility that was considered as middle fertility, and also did not affect maize grain production. The lack of effect of SS on soil fertility and plant production is attributed to the water deficit in the period between the SS incorporation and the soil sampling. The doses 10 t ha -1 SS increased K in the Typic Eutrorthox, probably due to K extraction from the soil organic matter. In all the treatments, the bases saturation was below the recommended for maize, that is 70%. Maize fertilized with 5 t ha -1 sewage sludge, dry weight basis, plus K, produced the same that the mineral fertilization.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Sewage sludge did not affect soil fertility except potassium in Typic Eutrorthox.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Except for K in the Typic Eutrothox, the amendment of the soils did not affect soil fertility that was considered as middle fertility, and also did not affect maize grain production.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sewage sludge did not affect maize grain production.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Except for K in the Typic Eutrothox, the amendment of the soils did not affect soil fertility that was considered as middle fertility, and also did not affect maize grain production.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed the lack of soil fertility and production effects to water deficit.
Verbatim
e0“The lack of effect of SS on soil fertility and plant production is attributed to the water deficit in the period between the SS incorporation and the soil sampling.”
Claim · model-written summary
A 10 t ha -1 sewage sludge dose increased potassium in Typic Eutrorthox.
- Treatment
- 10 t ha -1 SSe0
- Outcome
- K in the Typic Eutrorthoxe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- probably due to K extraction from the soil organic mattere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The doses 10 t ha -1 SS increased K in the Typic Eutrorthox, probably due to K extraction from the soil organic matter.”
e1“recommended for maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Base saturation in every treatment was below the 70% recommendation for maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all the treatments, the bases saturation was below the recommended for maize, that is 70%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize with 5 t ha -1 sewage sludge plus K produced the same as mineral fertilization.
- Treatment
- 5 t ha -1 sewage sludge, dry weight basis, plus Ke0
- Outcome
- producede0
- Direction
- the samee0
- Comparator
- mineral fertilizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize fertilized with 5 t ha -1 sewage sludge, dry weight basis, plus K, produced the same that the mineral fertilization.”
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