Abstract
Prior to the embryogenic study of Brassica rapa (turnip tops), the PA (polyamine) changes during flower development were determined. Whereas the flower was closed, no notable changes were found. However, pollination strongly stimulated the synthesis of the F (free) and ASC (acid soluble conjugated) forms, the pistil and not the petals being the main responsible. During embryogenesis, major alterations appeared in the synthesis of free and conjugated PA and ABA. Seeds, and not the silique wall, contributed most to the total content of the different F‐PA (free polyamines) in the silique, this contribution involving all the PA studied. During seed desiccation, F‐Put remained almost undetectable whereas F‐Spd and F‐Spm were very high. This is also applicable to ASC‐Spd and ASC‐Spm, this not being noted in the silique wall. During the first 5 stages of silique embryogenesis, the wall had higher levels of AIC‐PA (acid insoluble conjugated polyamines) than in the seeds, primarily due to AIC‐Spd and AIC‐Spm. By contrast, during the middle and final phases AIC‐PA was found more in the seeds than in the silique wall. The free and conjugated ABA showed the presence of 3 and 2 peaks in the seeds and the silique wall, respectively. The first corresponded to the onset of development, the second appeared when the highest moisture content was reached, and the third coincided with the triggering of carotenoid synthesis when the seed and the silique wall had lost more than 70–75% of their moisture. Finally, it is shown that the dry seeds of turnip tops were highly heterogeneous, not only in their germinative capacity, but also in the levels of free and conjugated ABA, which increased inversely to the germinative capacity.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Pollination stimulated free and acid soluble conjugated polyamine synthesis chiefly in the pistil.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa
Brassica rapat0 - Organ / stage
- pistile0
- Treatment
- pollinatione0
- Outcome
- synthesis of the F (free) and ASC (acid soluble conjugated) formse0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Comparator
- petalse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pollination strongly stimulated the synthesis of the F (free) and ASC (acid soluble conjugated) forms, the pistil and not the petals being the main responsible”
t0“Brassica rapa”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeds contributed most free polyamines in the silique compared with the wall.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapat0
- Organ / stage
- Seedse0
- Outcome
- total content of the different F‐PA (free polyamines) in the siliquee0
- Direction
- moste0
- Comparator
- silique walle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seeds, and not the silique wall, contributed most to the total content of the different F‐PA (free polyamines) in the silique, this contribution involving all the PA studied”
t0“Brassica rapa”
Claim · model-written summary
During seed desiccation free putrescine was almost undetectable.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapat0
- Organ / stage
- seed desiccatione0
- Outcome
- F‐Put remained almost undetectablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During seed desiccation, F‐Put remained almost undetectable”
t0“Brassica rapa”
Claim · model-written summary
Free spermidine and spermine were very high during seed desiccation.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapat0
- Outcome
- F‐Spd and F‐Spm were very highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“F‐Spd and F‐Spm were very high”
t0“Brassica rapa”
Claim · model-written summary
Acid soluble conjugated spermidine and spermine were high in desiccating seeds, unlike silique walls.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapat0
- Outcome
- ASC‐Spd and ASC‐Spme0
- Comparator
- silique walle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This is also applicable to ASC‐Spd and ASC‐Spm, this not being noted in the silique wall”
t0“Brassica rapa”
Claim · model-written summary
Silique walls had higher insoluble conjugated polyamines than seeds during the first five stages.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapat0
- Organ / stage
- walle0
- Outcome
- levels of AIC‐PA (acid insoluble conjugated polyamines)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During the first 5 stages of silique embryogenesis, the wall had higher levels of AIC‐PA (acid insoluble conjugated polyamines) than in the seeds, primarily due to AIC‐Spd and AIC‐Spm”
t0“Brassica rapa”
Claim · model-written summary
In middle and final phases insoluble conjugated polyamines were more abundant in seeds than silique walls.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapat0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- AIC‐PAe0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- silique walle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“during the middle and final phases AIC‐PA was found more in the seeds than in the silique wall”
t0“Brassica rapa”
Claim · model-written summary
Free and conjugated ABA showed three peaks in seeds and two in silique walls.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapat0
- Outcome
- free and conjugated ABAe0
- Value
- 3 and 2 peakse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The free and conjugated ABA showed the presence of 3 and 2 peaks in the seeds and the silique wall, respectively”
t0“Brassica rapa”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry seeds varied in germinative capacity and ABA levels, with ABA inversely related to germinative capacity.
Verbatim
e0“dry seeds of turnip tops were highly heterogeneous, not only in their germinative capacity, but also in the levels of free and conjugated ABA, which increased inversely to the germinative capacity”