Abstract
Abstract Caustic chemicals (Endothall, Wilthin and ammonium thiosulfate) were applied at bloom to French-American hybrid grape cultivars (‘Seyval blanc’, ‘Vidal blanc’, and ‘Chambourcin’) to evaluate their potential as chemical thinners. The chemicals caused phytotoxicity to leaves and clusters resulting in brown, dead spots on leaves and brown areas of the clusters. Injury symptoms increased as concentration of Endothall increased. ‘Vidal blanc’ was the most sensitive cultivar to Endothall and ‘Chambourcin’ was the most sensitive to ammonium thiosulfate (ATS). Hand cluster thinning at bloom consistently increased cluster weight, berry number per cluster, juice soluble solids and pH and decreased cluster number and yield of all cultivars with the exception that yield of ‘Seyval blanc’ was reduced only one year. Generally as concentration of Endothall increased, thinning increased. Endothall at 1.92 ml-L-1 caused reductions in yield and increases in juice soluble solids and pH that were very similar to hand-thinning. Wilthin at 1.92 ml-L-1 generally produced a response similar to hand-thinning, but improvement in juice quality was not as consistent. Ammonium thiosulfate caused excessive leaf injury and crop reduction under warm and humid conditions.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
The tested chemicals injured grape leaves and clusters.
- Taxon
- grapee0
- Treatment
- Caustic chemicals (Endothall, Wilthin and ammonium thiosulfate)e0
- Outcome
- phytotoxicity to leaves and clusterse1
- Direction
- causede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Caustic chemicals (Endothall, Wilthin and ammonium thiosulfate) were applied at bloom to French-American hybrid grape cultivars (‘Seyval blanc’, ‘Vidal blanc’, and ‘Chambourcin’)”
e1“The chemicals caused phytotoxicity to leaves and clusters resulting in brown, dead spots on leaves and brown areas of the clusters.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf injury increased with Endothall concentration.
Verbatim
e0“Injury symptoms increased as concentration of Endothall increased.”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Vidal blanc was most sensitive to Endothall.
Verbatim
e0“‘Vidal blanc’ was the most sensitive cultivar to Endothall”
Claim · model-written summary
Chambourcin was most sensitive to ammonium thiosulfate.
Verbatim
e0“‘Chambourcin’ was the most sensitive to ammonium thiosulfate (ATS)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand thinning increased cluster weight, berries per cluster and juice soluble solids.
- Taxon
- all cultivarse0
- Treatment
- Hand cluster thinning at bloome0
- Outcome
- cluster weight, berry number per cluster, juice soluble solidse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Hand cluster thinning at bloom consistently increased cluster weight, berry number per cluster, juice soluble solids and pH and decreased cluster number and yield of all cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand thinning increased juice pH.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Hand cluster thinning at bloom consistently increased cluster weight, berry number per cluster, juice soluble solids and pH and decreased cluster number and yield of all cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand thinning decreased cluster number.
- Taxon
- all cultivarse0
- Treatment
- Hand cluster thinning at bloome0
- Outcome
- cluster numbere0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Hand cluster thinning at bloom consistently increased cluster weight, berry number per cluster, juice soluble solids and pH and decreased cluster number and yield of all cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand thinning decreased yield, with Seyval blanc affected in only one year.
- Taxon
- ‘Seyval blanc’e0
- Treatment
- Hand cluster thinning at bloome0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- only one yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Hand cluster thinning at bloom consistently increased cluster weight, berry number per cluster, juice soluble solids and pH and decreased cluster number and yield of all cultivars with the exception that yield of ‘Seyval blanc’ was reduced only one year.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thinning increased with Endothall concentration.
Verbatim
e0“Generally as concentration of Endothall increased, thinning increased.”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Endothall at 1.92 ml-L-1 reduced yield and increased soluble solids and pH similarly to hand thinning.
Verbatim
e0“Endothall at 1.92 ml-L-1 caused reductions in yield and increases in juice soluble solids and pH that were very similar to hand-thinning.”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Wilthin at 1.92 ml-L-1 generally resembled hand thinning, though juice quality gains were less consistent.
Verbatim
e0“Wilthin at 1.92 ml-L-1 generally produced a response similar to hand-thinning, but improvement in juice quality was not as consistent.”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium thiosulfate caused excessive leaf injury and crop reduction in warm, humid conditions.
- Taxon
- Grapet0
- Treatment
- Ammonium thiosulfatee0
- Outcome
- leaf injury and crop reductione0
- Direction
- excessivee0
- Qualifier
- warm and humid conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Ammonium thiosulfate caused excessive leaf injury and crop reduction under warm and humid conditions.”
t0“Grape”