Abstract
Abstract Al toxicity is a major problem that limits crop productivity on acid soils. It has been suggested that Al toxicity is linked to changes in cellular Ca homeostasis and the blockage of plasma membrane Ca2+-permeable channels. BY-2 suspension-cultured cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.) exhibit rapid cell expansion that is sensitive to Al. Therefore, the effect of Al on changes in cytoplasmic free Ca concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) was followed in BY-2 cells to assess whether Al perturbed cellular Ca homeostasis. Al exposure resulted in a prolonged reduction in [Ca2+]cyt and inhibition of growth that was similar to the effect of the Ca2+ channel blocker La3+ and the Ca2+ chelator ethyleneglycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N′-tetraacetic acid. The Ca2+channel blockers verapamil and nifedipine did not induce a decrease in [Ca2+]cyt in these cells and also failed to inhibit growth. Al and La3+, but not verapamil or nifedipine, reduced the rate of Mn2+ quenching of Indo-1 fluorescence, which is consistent with the blockage of Ca2+- and Mn2+-permeable channels. These results suggest that Al may act to block Ca2+ channels at the plasma membrane of plant cells and this action may play a crucial role in the phytotoxic activity of the Al ion.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Al exposure prolonged reduction in cytoplasmic calcium in tobacco cells.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume1 - Treatment
- Al exposuree0
- Outcome
- [Ca2+]cyte0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Al exposure resulted in a prolonged reduction in [Ca2+]cyt and inhibition of growth”
e1“cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Al exposure inhibited tobacco cell growth.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Al exposuree0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Al exposure resulted in a prolonged reduction in [Ca2+]cyt and inhibition of growth”
e1“cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.)”
Claim · model-written summary
La3+ had similar effects on calcium and growth to Al.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- La3+e0
- Outcome
- inhibition of growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inhibition of growth that was similar to the effect of the Ca2+ channel blocker La3+”
e1“prolonged reduction in [Ca2+]cyt”
e2“cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Verapamil did not decrease cytoplasmic calcium in tobacco cells.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- verapamile0
- Outcome
- [Ca2+]cyte0
- Direction
- did not induce a decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Ca2+channel blockers verapamil and nifedipine did not induce a decrease in [Ca2+]cyt”
e1“cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nifedipine did not decrease cytoplasmic calcium in tobacco cells.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- nifedipinee0
- Outcome
- [Ca2+]cyte0
- Direction
- did not induce a decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Ca2+channel blockers verapamil and nifedipine did not induce a decrease in [Ca2+]cyt”
e1“cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Verapamil failed to inhibit tobacco cell growth.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- verapamile0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- failed to inhibite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“verapamil and nifedipine did not induce a decrease in [Ca2+]cyt in these cells and also failed to inhibit growth”
e1“cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nifedipine failed to inhibit tobacco cell growth.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- nifedipinee0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- failed to inhibite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“verapamil and nifedipine did not induce a decrease in [Ca2+]cyt in these cells and also failed to inhibit growth”
e1“cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Al reduced Mn2+ quenching of Indo-1 fluorescence.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Ale0
- Outcome
- rate of Mn2+ quenching of Indo-1 fluorescencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Al and La3+, but not verapamil or nifedipine, reduced the rate of Mn2+ quenching of Indo-1 fluorescence”
e1“cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.)”
Claim · model-written summary
La3+ reduced Mn2+ quenching of Indo-1 fluorescence.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- La3+e0
- Outcome
- rate of Mn2+ quenching of Indo-1 fluorescencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Al and La3+, but not verapamil or nifedipine, reduced the rate of Mn2+ quenching of Indo-1 fluorescence”
e1“cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest Al may block plasma-membrane calcium channels in plant cells.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- Ale0
- Outcome
- block Ca2+ channels at the plasma membranee0
- Qualifier
- maye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Al may act to block Ca2+ channels at the plasma membrane of plant cells”
e1“cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest channel blockade may contribute to aluminum phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Outcome
- phytotoxic activity of the Al ione0
- Qualifier
- block Ca2+ channels at the plasma membranee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this action may play a crucial role in the phytotoxic activity of the Al ion”
e1“block Ca2+ channels at the plasma membrane of plant cells”
e2“cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.)”
The same questions in other papers
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7 papers in the same direction as this paper
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See all 8 papers →heavy metal · growth · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
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See all 6 papers →heavy metal · nutrient: content · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.