Abstract
Suspension‐cultured, photoheterotrophically grown, green soybean cells ( Glycine max L.) were used to investigate alterations in the cellular contents of ascorbate and glutathione, as well as specific activities of antioxidative enzymes, elicited by salicylic acid (SA) and BTH [benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole‐7‐carbothioic acid S ‐methylester]. Both antioxidants were positively regulated by 48‐h incubations with SA and BTH, respectively, the latter induced a stronger increase in antioxidant levels compared to SA. The specific activities of glutathione reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione S ‐transferase increased strongly in soybean cells as a response to both SA and BTH. The enzyme activations observed were in the range of 2–8‐fold. Catalase activity was also increased 2‐fold by SA but decreased when cells were incubated with BTH. These results indicate an activation of the cellular antioxidative system at both the antioxidant and enzyme level. In addition, the effects of SA and BTH on phytotoxicity exerted by the peroxidizing herbicide oxyfluorfen were investigated. Both compounds protected soybean cells from herbicide‐induced lipid peroxidation in a time‐ and concentration‐dependent manner and strongly suppressed the herbicide‐induced accumulation of protoporphyrin IX. SA as well as BTH antagonize the action of peroxidizing herbicides.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
SA increased antioxidant levels in soybean cells.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- antioxidantse0
- Direction
- positively regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both antioxidants were positively regulated by 48‐h incubations with SA and BTH, respectively”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
BTH increased antioxidant levels more strongly than SA.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- BTHe1
- Outcome
- antioxidant levelse0
- Direction
- stronger increasee0
- Comparator
- SAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the latter induced a stronger increase in antioxidant levels compared to SA”
t0“soybean”
e1“Both antioxidants were positively regulated by 48‐h incubations with SA and BTH, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
SA increased glutathione reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione S-transferase activities.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- specific activities of glutathione reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione S ‐transferasee0
- Direction
- increased stronglye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The specific activities of glutathione reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione S ‐transferase increased strongly in soybean cells as a response to both SA and BTH”
Claim · model-written summary
BTH increased glutathione reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione S-transferase activities.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- BTHe0
- Outcome
- specific activities of glutathione reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione S ‐transferasee0
- Direction
- increased stronglye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The specific activities of glutathione reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione S ‐transferase increased strongly in soybean cells as a response to both SA and BTH”
Claim · model-written summary
Enzyme activation ranged from twofold to eightfold.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- enzyme activationse0
- Value
- 2–8‐folde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The enzyme activations observed were in the range of 2–8‐fold”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
SA doubled catalase activity.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Catalase activity was also increased 2‐fold by SA”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
BTH decreased catalase activity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- BTHe0
- Outcome
- Catalase activitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Catalase activity was also increased 2‐fold by SA but decreased when cells were incubated with BTH”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
SA protected soybean cells from oxyfluorfen-induced lipid peroxidation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- SAe1
- Outcome
- herbicide‐induced lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- protectede0
- Qualifier
- time‐ and concentration‐dependent mannere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both compounds protected soybean cells from herbicide‐induced lipid peroxidation in a time‐ and concentration‐dependent manner”
e1“Both antioxidants were positively regulated by 48‐h incubations with SA and BTH, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
BTH protected soybean cells from oxyfluorfen-induced lipid peroxidation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- BTHe1
- Outcome
- herbicide‐induced lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- protectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both compounds protected soybean cells from herbicide‐induced lipid peroxidation in a time‐ and concentration‐dependent manner”
e1“Both antioxidants were positively regulated by 48‐h incubations with SA and BTH, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
SA strongly suppressed herbicide-induced protoporphyrin IX accumulation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- SAe1
- Outcome
- herbicide‐induced accumulation of protoporphyrin IXe0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strongly suppressed the herbicide‐induced accumulation of protoporphyrin IX”
t0“soybean”
e1“Both antioxidants were positively regulated by 48‐h incubations with SA and BTH, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
BTH strongly suppressed herbicide-induced protoporphyrin IX accumulation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- BTHe1
- Outcome
- herbicide‐induced accumulation of protoporphyrin IXe0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strongly suppressed the herbicide‐induced accumulation of protoporphyrin IX”
t0“soybean”
e1“Both antioxidants were positively regulated by 48‐h incubations with SA and BTH, respectively”
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See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.