Abstract
Abstract In dual culture, one among the three isolates of Trichoderma viride, an isolate in each of T. harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens were inhibitory to the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.), the causal agent of stem rot of groundnut. The isolate Tv1 of T. viride caused 69.40% inhibition of the mycelial growth of the pathogen followed by P. fluorescens resulting in 64.40% inhibition. Among the five, T. viride (Tv1) and P. fluorescens (Pf1) were most effective in suppressing sclerotial formation. The culture filtrate of Tv1 inhibited the growth of the pathogen (87.05%) as well as sclerotial germination (62.50%) to a greater extent than others. Due to the antagonistic effect of the biocontrol agents germination of sclerotia was also poor. Among the organic amendments tested in greenhouse, mahuacake with T. viride each @ 5 g/kg of soil resulted in 3.75% stem rot incidence as against 39.98% in control. Enhanced activities of defence-related enzymes viz., peroxidase (PO) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) were noticed in infected plants rather than in healthy ones. Although induction of PO as well as PPO was observed in diseased plants, additional increase in activities of these enzymes were observed in plants treated with either P. fluorescens or T. viride. Keywords: Groundnutstem rot Sclerotium rolfsii Trichoderma viride Pseudomonas fluorescens oilcakeinduced systemic resistance
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Isolate Tv1 of T. viride inhibited mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii by 69.40% in dual culture.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- isolate Tv1 of T. viridee1
- Interactor
- Sclerotium rolfsii
Agroathelia rolfsiie0pathogen - Second interactor
- T. viride
Trichoderma viridee1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- mycelial growth of the pathogene1
- Direction
- inhibitione1
- Value
- 69.40%e1
- Setting
- dual culturee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In dual culture, one among the three isolates of Trichoderma viride, an isolate in each of T. harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens were inhibitory to the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.), the causal agent of stem rot of groundnut”
e1“The isolate Tv1 of T. viride caused 69.40% inhibition of the mycelial growth of the pathogen followed by P. fluorescens resulting in 64.40% inhibition”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolate P. fluorescens inhibited mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii by 64.40% in dual culture.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- P. fluorescense1
- Interactor
- Sclerotium rolfsiiAgroathelia rolfsiie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescens
.JPG?width=60)
Pseudomonas fluorescense1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- mycelial growth of the pathogene1
- Direction
- inhibitione1
- Value
- 64.40%e1
- Setting
- dual culturee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“In dual culture, one among the three isolates of Trichoderma viride, an isolate in each of T. harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens were inhibitory to the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.), the causal agent of stem rot of groundnut”
e1“The isolate Tv1 of T. viride caused 69.40% inhibition of the mycelial growth of the pathogen followed by P. fluorescens resulting in 64.40% inhibition”
Claim · model-written summary
Culture filtrate of Tv1 inhibited growth of Sclerotium rolfsii by 87.05% more than other isolates.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- culture filtrate of Tv1e2
- Interactor
- Sclerotium rolfsiiAgroathelia rolfsiie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Tv1e2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- growth of the pathogene2
- Direction
- inhibitede2
- Value
- 87.05%e2
- Comparator
- otherse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In dual culture, one among the three isolates of Trichoderma viride, an isolate in each of T. harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens were inhibitory to the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.), the causal agent of stem rot of groundnut”
e2“The culture filtrate of Tv1 inhibited the growth of the pathogen (87.05%) as well as sclerotial germination (62.50%) to a greater extent than others”
Claim · model-written summary
Culture filtrate of Tv1 inhibited sclerotial germination of Sclerotium rolfsii by 62.50% more than other isolates.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- culture filtrate of Tv1e2
- Interactor
- Sclerotium rolfsiiAgroathelia rolfsiie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Tv1e2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- sclerotial germinatione2
- Direction
- inhibitede2
- Value
- 62.50%e2
- Comparator
- otherse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In dual culture, one among the three isolates of Trichoderma viride, an isolate in each of T. harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens were inhibitory to the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.), the causal agent of stem rot of groundnut”
e2“The culture filtrate of Tv1 inhibited the growth of the pathogen (87.05%) as well as sclerotial germination (62.50%) to a greater extent than others”
Claim · model-written summary
T. viride (Tv1) and P. fluorescens (Pf1) were the most effective of five isolates in suppressing sclerotial formation.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- T. viride (Tv1)e3
- Interactor
- Sclerotium rolfsiiAgroathelia rolfsiie0pathogen
- Outcome
- sclerotial formatione3
- Direction
- suppressinge3
- Comparator
- Among the fivee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In dual culture, one among the three isolates of Trichoderma viride, an isolate in each of T. harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens were inhibitory to the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.), the causal agent of stem rot of groundnut”
e3“Among the five, T. viride (Tv1) and P. fluorescens (Pf1) were most effective in suppressing sclerotial formation”
Claim · model-written summary
Mahuacake with T. viride at 5 g/kg soil reduced stem rot incidence to 3.75% against 39.98% in control in greenhouse tests.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- mahuacake with T. viride each @ 5 g/kg of soile4
- Interactor
- Sclerotium rolfsiiAgroathelia rolfsiie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. virideTrichoderma viridee4biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- stem rot incidencee4
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede4
- Value
- 3.75%e4
- Comparator
- controle4
- Setting
- greenhousee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In dual culture, one among the three isolates of Trichoderma viride, an isolate in each of T. harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens were inhibitory to the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.), the causal agent of stem rot of groundnut”
e4“Among the organic amendments tested in greenhouse, mahuacake with T. viride each @ 5 g/kg of soil resulted in 3.75% stem rot incidence as against 39.98% in control”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem rot infected groundnut plants had higher activities of defence enzymes PO and PPO than healthy plants.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- infected plantse5
- Interactor
- Sclerotium rolfsiiAgroathelia rolfsiie0pathogen
- Gene
- peroxidase (PO) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO)e5
- Outcome
- activities of defence-related enzymese5
- Direction
- Enhancede5
- Comparator
- healthy onese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In dual culture, one among the three isolates of Trichoderma viride, an isolate in each of T. harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens were inhibitory to the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.), the causal agent of stem rot of groundnut”
e5“Enhanced activities of defence-related enzymes viz., peroxidase (PO) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) were noticed in infected plants rather than in healthy ones”
Claim · model-written summary
Groundnut plants treated with P. fluorescens or T. viride showed additional increases in PO and PPO activity beyond the induction seen in diseased plants.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- P. fluorescens or T. viridee6
- Interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense6biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- T. virideTrichoderma viridee6biocontrol_agent
- Gene
- PO as well as PPOe6
- Outcome
- activities of these enzymese6
- Direction
- additional increasee6
- Comparator
- diseased plantse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In dual culture, one among the three isolates of Trichoderma viride, an isolate in each of T. harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens were inhibitory to the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.), the causal agent of stem rot of groundnut”
e6“Although induction of PO as well as PPO was observed in diseased plants, additional increase in activities of these enzymes were observed in plants treated with either P. fluorescens or T. viride”
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