Abstract
Abstract The use of nitrification inhibitors offers a method for decreasing initial nitrification rates and subsequently decreasing nitrate losses from soil. Thus, the use of inhibitors should increase N uptake and corn ( Zea mays L.) yield in years when soil moisture conditions favor N losses. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of nitrapyrin applied with broadcast applications of urea on nitrification, plant nutrient concentrations, and corn yield. Urea (0 to 268 kg/ha N) and nitrapyrin (0 and 2.24 kg/ha) were applied to a somewhat poorly drained soil (Flanagan silt loam ‐ Typic Hapludoll) in the spring and fall of 1975 and spring of 1976. Soils were sampled to a depth of 45 cm and plant tissue samples were taken at first silk and at physiological maturity. Nitrapyrin was effective in decreasing nitrification rate of both fall‐ and spring‐applied N. Fall‐applied N without nitrapyrin was nitrified by mid‐March, but when nitrapyrin was added an average of 12% of the added N was recovered as ammonium from the top 15 cm of the soil in early June. More ammonium‐N was recovered from the soil in early June when N was applied in the fall with nitrapyrin than in the spring without nitrapyrin. While nitrate accumulations were found at a depth of 45 cm when urea without nitrapyrin was applied in the fall, nitrate did not accumulate below the 15‐cm depth when urea was applied in the fall with nitrapyrin or in the spring with or without nitrapyrin. Nitrapyrin did not affect the concentration of P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, B, and Mn in the ear leaf, grain, or stover, but increased the concentration of Fe in the ear leaf by 10%. Nitrapyrin added with 67 kg/ha fall‐applied N increased concentration of N in the ear leaf by 15%. When applied with spring‐N, nitrapyrin increased the spring‐N concentration in the stover and grain by 13 and 17%, respectively. Nitrapyrin applied with 134 kg/ha spring N increased the N concentration in the ear leaf by 14'% but decreased the concentration in the grain by 11%. Nitrapyrin increased grain yield by 27% when applied with 67 kg/ha fall‐N, but decreased yield by 70%, when applied with 134 kg/ha spring‐N.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrapyrin was effective in decreasing the nitrification rate of both fall- and spring-applied N.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- Nitrapyrine1
- Outcome
- nitrification ratee1
- Direction
- decreasinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Nitrapyrin was effective in decreasing nitrification rate of both fall‐ and spring‐applied N”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
With nitrapyrin, an average of 12% of fall-applied N was recovered as ammonium from the top 15 cm of soil in early June, whereas fall-applied N without nitrapyrin was nitrified by mid-March.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- nitrapyrine1
- Outcome
- added N was recovered as ammoniume1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 12%e1
- Comparator
- without nitrapyrine1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Fall‐applied N without nitrapyrin was nitrified by mid‐March, but when nitrapyrin was added an average of 12% of the added N was recovered as ammonium from the top 15 cm of the soil in early June”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
More ammonium-N was recovered from soil in early June when N was applied in the fall with nitrapyrin than in the spring without nitrapyrin.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- N was applied in the fall with nitrapyrine1
- Outcome
- ammonium‐N was recoverede1
- Direction
- Moree1
- Comparator
- in the spring without nitrapyrine1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“More ammonium‐N was recovered from the soil in early June when N was applied in the fall with nitrapyrin than in the spring without nitrapyrin”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate accumulated at 45 cm depth when fall urea had no nitrapyrin, but did not accumulate below 15 cm when urea was applied in the fall with nitrapyrin or in the spring with or without nitrapyrin.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- nitrapyrine1
- Outcome
- nitrate accumulationse1
- Direction
- did not accumulatee1
- Comparator
- urea without nitrapyrine1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“nitrate accumulations were found at a depth of 45 cm when urea without nitrapyrin was applied in the fall, nitrate did not accumulate below the 15‐cm depth when urea was applied in the fall with nitrapyrin or in the spring with or without nitrapyrin”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrapyrin did not affect the concentration of P, K and Ca in the ear leaf, grain or stover.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- ear leaf, grain, or stovere1
- Treatment
- Nitrapyrine1
- Outcome
- concentration of P, K, Cae1
- Direction
- did not affecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Nitrapyrin did not affect the concentration of P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, B, and Mn in the ear leaf, grain, or stover”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrapyrin did not affect the concentration of Mg, Cu and B in the ear leaf, grain or stover.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- ear leaf, grain, or stovere1
- Treatment
- Nitrapyrine1
- Outcome
- Mg, Cu, Be1
- Direction
- did not affecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Nitrapyrin did not affect the concentration of P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, B, and Mn in the ear leaf, grain, or stover”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrapyrin did not affect the concentration of Mn in the ear leaf, grain or stover.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- ear leaf, grain, or stovere1
- Treatment
- Nitrapyrine1
- Outcome
- Mne1
- Direction
- did not affecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Nitrapyrin did not affect the concentration of P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, B, and Mn in the ear leaf, grain, or stover”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrapyrin increased the concentration of Fe in the ear leaf by 10%.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- ear leafe1
- Treatment
- Nitrapyrine2
- Outcome
- concentration of Fee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 10%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“but increased the concentration of Fe in the ear leaf by 10%”
e2“Nitrapyrin did not affect”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrapyrin added with 67 kg/ha fall-applied N increased N concentration in the ear leaf by 15%.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- ear leafe1
- Treatment
- Nitrapyrin added with 67 kg/ha fall‐applied Ne1
- Outcome
- concentration of Ne1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 15%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Nitrapyrin added with 67 kg/ha fall‐applied N increased concentration of N in the ear leaf by 15%”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
With spring-N, nitrapyrin increased the spring-N concentration in the stover by 13%.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- stovere1
- Treatment
- nitrapyrine1
- Outcome
- spring‐N concentratione1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 13e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“When applied with spring‐N, nitrapyrin increased the spring‐N concentration in the stover and grain by 13 and 17%, respectively”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
With spring-N, nitrapyrin increased the spring-N concentration in the grain by 17%.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- graine1
- Treatment
- nitrapyrine1
- Outcome
- spring‐N concentratione1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 17%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“When applied with spring‐N, nitrapyrin increased the spring‐N concentration in the stover and grain by 13 and 17%, respectively”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrapyrin applied with 134 kg/ha spring N increased N concentration in the ear leaf by 14%.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- ear leafe1
- Treatment
- Nitrapyrin applied with 134 kg/ha spring Ne1
- Outcome
- N concentratione1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 14'%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Nitrapyrin applied with 134 kg/ha spring N increased the N concentration in the ear leaf by 14'%”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrapyrin applied with 134 kg/ha spring N decreased N concentration in the grain by 11%.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- graine1
- Treatment
- Nitrapyrin applied with 134 kg/ha spring Ne1
- Outcome
- concentratione1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 11%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Nitrapyrin applied with 134 kg/ha spring N increased the N concentration in the ear leaf by 14'% but decreased the concentration in the grain by 11%”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrapyrin increased grain yield by 27% when applied with 67 kg/ha fall-N.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Nitrapyrine1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 27%e1
- Qualifier
- when applied with 67 kg/ha fall‐Ne1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Nitrapyrin increased grain yield by 27% when applied with 67 kg/ha fall‐N”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrapyrin decreased yield by 70% when applied with 134 kg/ha spring-N.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Nitrapyrine2
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 70%e1
- Qualifier
- when applied with 134 kg/ha spring‐Ne1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“but decreased yield by 70%, when applied with 134 kg/ha spring‐N”
e2“Nitrapyrin increased grain yield”
t0“Corn”
The same questions in other papers
nitrapyrin · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
33 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
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See all 43 papers →nitrapyrin · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →nitrapyrin · molecular: metabolites · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.