Abstract
Abstract Eight maize ( Zea mays L) hybrids were grown under five N levels with or without the nitrification inhibitor, nitrapyrin (2‐chloro‐[6‐trichloro‐methyl] pyridine), to evaluate N interactions relative to yield performance, N use efficiency, grain protein concentration, and kernel texture. Results indicate that maize hybrids can be grouped into three categories based on grain yield: (1) low N‐responsive types which reach their maximum yield with 134 kg ha −1 of applied N; (2) intermediate types that respond to moderate N levels (134 to 201 kg N ha −1 ); and (3) high N‐responsive types that respond to higher levels of N (201 kg N ha −1 ). High N‐responsive types, in general, increased yield with nitrapyrin treatment at all levels of N. Crop N utilisation efficiency for high N‐responsive hybrids decreased, but was static for low N‐responsive hybrids as N fertiliser increased. In general, as the grain yield of a hybrid increased in response to N, the concentration of protein in the kernel increased; although grain yields and protein concentration are negatively correlated among hybrids. Increased kernel translucence, an indicator of kernel hardness induced by N fertiliser, correlated highly positive with zein proteins. Isoelectric focusing analysis showed that increases in zein were primarily due to a quantitative increase in α‐ and γ‐zein polypeptides. This study indicates that hybrids are different in their N requirements for maximum yield. Low N conditions not only restrict grain yield but also affect kernel textural quality.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Low N-responsive hybrids reached maximum yield at 134 kg ha −1 applied N.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low N‐responsive types which reach their maximum yield with 134 kg ha −1 of applied N”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Intermediate hybrids responded to 134 to 201 kg N ha −1.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“intermediate types that respond to moderate N levels (134 to 201 kg N ha −1 )”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
High N-responsive hybrids responded to 201 kg N ha −1.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high N‐responsive types that respond to higher levels of N (201 kg N ha −1 )”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrapyrin increased yield of high N-responsive hybrids at all nitrogen levels.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High N‐responsive types, in general, increased yield with nitrapyrin treatment at all levels of N”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen use efficiency of high N-responsive hybrids declined as fertilizer increased.
- Material
- high N‐responsive hybridse0
- Treatment
- N fertilisere0
- Outcome
- Crop N utilisation efficiencye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop N utilisation efficiency for high N‐responsive hybrids decreased, but was static for low N‐responsive hybrids as N fertiliser increased”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen use efficiency of low N-responsive hybrids remained static as fertilizer increased.
Not reportedOutcome
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was static for low N‐responsive hybrids as N fertiliser increased”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Within hybrids, protein concentration increased as yield responded to N.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“as the grain yield of a hybrid increased in response to N, the concentration of protein in the kernel increased”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Across hybrids, grain yield and protein concentration were negatively correlated.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yields and protein concentration are negatively correlated among hybrids”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Kernel translucence induced by nitrogen fertilizer correlated positively with zein proteins.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased kernel translucence, an indicator of kernel hardness induced by N fertiliser, correlated highly positive with zein proteins”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zein increases mainly reflected increases in alpha and gamma zein polypeptides.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increases in zein were primarily due to a quantitative increase in α‐ and γ‐zein polypeptides”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrids differed in nitrogen requirements for maximum yield.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hybrids are different in their N requirements for maximum yield”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Low nitrogen conditions restricted grain yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low N conditions not only restrict grain yield but also affect kernel textural quality”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Low nitrogen conditions affected kernel textural quality.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low N conditions not only restrict grain yield but also affect kernel textural quality”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
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See all 2,185 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.