Paper · 1983 · Agronomy Journal

Genetic and Hormonal Control of Shoot and Root Growth of Sorghum1

S. A. Wright; W. R. Jordan; P. W. Morgan; et al.

11
claims
21
verbatim quotes
6
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Abstract Sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] exhibits a large degree of genetic diversity far shoot development, but diversity in root development has heen virtually unexplored. Tall and short lines of ‘kafir’ and ‘milo’ sorghum that were near‐isogenic for height were examined to determine if genes which control height also exert a similar inlluence on root growth. Lines were compared both in hydroponics and in soil‐filled (fine sandy loam, Udic Paleustalf) root chambers in the field. Since dwarfing genes in sorghum appear to mediate their response through regulation of endogenous gibberellin (GA) levels, effects of exogenous GA 3 applied to the shoot were also evaluated. In the field, differences in height of approximately 1 m developed between isolines of both kafir and milo, but the taller lines also developed 25 to 39% greater leaf areas. More roots were observed in the upper 60 cm of the soil profile in chambers containing the tall isolines, but when total root numbers were normalized with leaf area there were no differences between isolines. The GA 3 application to tall and 3‐dwarf milo plants in hydroponic culture stimulated internode length of both cultivars, but reduced leaf area, root length, and root volume. Shoot dry weights of the tall and short isolines were increased by 19.6 and 9.9%, respectively, by GA 3 treatment, while corresponding root dry weights decreased by 20.7 and 20.4 5%. These results are inconsistent with the hypothesis that gibberellins promote both shoot and root growth in sorghum, and further suggest that the genetic control of shoot growth in sorghum is largely independent from control of root growth.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 11

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tall and short isolines differed in height by approximately 1 m in the field.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
isolines of both kafir and miloe0
Outcome
heighte0
Value
approximately 1 me0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“differences in height of approximately 1 m developed between isolines of both kafir and milo”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 698–790 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 57–64 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Taller isolines had 25 to 39% greater leaf areas.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
taller linese0
Outcome
leaf arease0
Direction
greatere0
Value
25 to 39%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the taller lines also developed 25 to 39% greater leaf areas.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 796–857 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 57–64 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tall isolines had more roots in the upper 60 cm of soil.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
tall isolinese0
Outcome
rootse0
Direction
Moree0
Qualifier
upper 60 cm of the soil profilee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“More roots were observed in the upper 60 cm of the soil profile in chambers containing the tall isolines”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 858–962 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 57–64 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Root number per leaf area did not differ between isolines.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Outcome
total root numberse0
Direction
no differencese0
Comparator
isolinese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“when total root numbers were normalized with leaf area there were no differences between isolines.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 968–1066 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 57–64 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

GA 3 stimulated internode length in tall and 3-dwarf milo.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
tall and 3‐dwarf miloe0
Treatment
GA 3 applicatione0
Outcome
internode lengthe0
Direction
stimulatede0
Setting
hydroponic culturee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The GA 3 application to tall and 3‐dwarf milo plants in hydroponic culture stimulated internode length of both cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1067–1187 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 57–64 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

GA 3 reduced leaf area, root length and root volume in hydroponic milo.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
tall and 3‐dwarf miloe0
Treatment
GA 3 applicatione0
Outcome
leaf area, root length, and root volumee0
Direction
reducede0
Setting
hydroponic culturee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The GA 3 application to tall and 3‐dwarf milo plants in hydroponic culture stimulated internode length of both cultivars, but reduced leaf area, root length, and root volume.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1067–1241 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 57–64 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

GA 3 increased shoot dry weight of tall isolines by 19.6%.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
talle0
Treatment
GA 3 treatmente0
Outcome
Shoot dry weightse0
Direction
increasede0
Value
19.6e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Shoot dry weights of the tall and short isolines were increased by 19.6 and 9.9%, respectively, by GA 3 treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1242–1355 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 57–64 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

GA 3 increased shoot dry weight of short isolines by 9.9%.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
short isolinese0
Treatment
GA 3 treatmente0
Outcome
Shoot dry weightse0
Direction
increasede0
Value
9.9%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Shoot dry weights of the tall and short isolines were increased by 19.6 and 9.9%, respectively, by GA 3 treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1242–1355 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 57–64 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

GA 3 decreased tall-isoline root dry weight by 20.7%.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
talle0
Treatment
GA 3e0
Outcome
root dry weightse0
Direction
decreasede0
Value
20.7e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Shoot dry weights of the tall and short isolines were increased by 19.6 and 9.9%, respectively, by GA 3 treatment, while corresponding root dry weights decreased by 20.7 and 20.4 5%.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1242–1424 · show in text ↑
t0

“Genetic and Hormonal Control of Shoot and Root Growth of Sorghum1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

GA 3 decreased short-isoline root dry weight by the reported 20.4 5%.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Material
short isolinese0
Treatment
GA 3e0
Outcome
root dry weightse0
Direction
decreasede0
Value
20.4 5%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Shoot dry weights of the tall and short isolines were increased by 19.6 and 9.9%, respectively, by GA 3 treatment, while corresponding root dry weights decreased by 20.7 and 20.4 5%.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1242–1424 · show in text ↑
t0

“Genetic and Hormonal Control of Shoot and Root Growth of Sorghum1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–65 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Shoot-growth genetic control appears largely independent of root-growth control.

Taxon
sorghumSorghume0
Outcome
root growthe0
Qualifier
genetic control of shoot growthe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the genetic control of shoot growth in sorghum is largely independent from control of root growth.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1566–1664 · show in text ↑

Gibberellic acid · growth · SorghumResults differ

16 papers: 15 positive, 1 negative or no effect

14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

12 papers more in this group

See all 16 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.