Abstract
ABSTRACT To reduce fuel and labor costs and increase profits, farmers are trying new ways of growing rice ( Oryza sativa L.). This includes changing crop rotations, tillage systems, and fertilization levels. There is little information on how these changes affect the cooking quality of rice. We therefore looked at the parameters associated with cooking and processing quality (apparent amylose, gelatinization temperature, lipid and protein contents, and pasting properties) of two U.S. long grains (Cybonnet and Wells) that were grown using two different tillage systems, standard rate and high rates of fertilization, and different crop rotations (continuous rice R‐R, rice after soybeans R‐SB, and rice after corn R‐C). No differences in quality traits were observed among any of the tillage systems. Rice grown in continuous rice rotation had the lowest protein content of brown and milled rice (8.6 and 8.1%, respectively) as compared to the highest levels observed in the rice‐soybean rotation (9.3 and 8.6%, respectively). Rice grown in continuous rice rotation also had higher peak viscosity than other crop rotations. Increasing the fertilization rate increased the protein content of brown rice and decreased peak, trough, and final viscosities. Apparent amylose content, gelatinization temperature, and lipid content were not affected by crop rotation or fertility; however, they were influenced by cultivar. Although the results indicated statistical differences for some quality parameters, the differences were small enough that they are unlikely to have a major impact on processing quality of long grain rice if co‐mingled.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage systems showed no observed differences in quality traits.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- tillage systemse0
- Outcome
- quality traitse0
- Direction
- No differencese0
- Comparator
- tillage systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No differences in quality traits were observed among any of the tillage systems.”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous rice had the lowest brown rice protein, 8.6%, versus 9.3% after soybean.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- continuous rice rotatione0
- Outcome
- protein content of brown ricee1
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 8.6e0
- Qualifier
- 9.3e0
- Comparator
- rice‐soybean rotatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice grown in continuous rice rotation had the lowest protein content of brown and milled rice (8.6 and 8.1%, respectively) as compared to the highest levels observed in the rice‐soybean rotation (9.3 and 8.6%, respectively).”
e1“protein content of brown rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous rice had the lowest milled rice protein, 8.1%, versus 8.6% after soybean.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- continuous rice rotatione0
- Outcome
- protein content of brown and milled ricee0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 8.1%e0
- Qualifier
- 8.6%e0
- Comparator
- rice‐soybean rotatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice grown in continuous rice rotation had the lowest protein content of brown and milled rice (8.6 and 8.1%, respectively) as compared to the highest levels observed in the rice‐soybean rotation (9.3 and 8.6%, respectively).”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous rice had higher peak viscosity than other rotations.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- continuous rice rotatione0
- Outcome
- peak viscositye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other crop rotationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice grown in continuous rice rotation also had higher peak viscosity than other crop rotations.”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher fertilization increased brown rice protein.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Increasing the fertilization ratee0
- Outcome
- protein content of brown ricee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the fertilization rate increased the protein content of brown rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher fertilization decreased peak, trough and final viscosities.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Increasing the fertilization ratee0
- Outcome
- peak, trough, and final viscositiese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the fertilization rate increased the protein content of brown rice and decreased peak, trough, and final viscosities.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotation and fertility did not affect amylose, gelatinization temperature or lipid.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- crop rotation or fertilitye0
- Outcome
- Apparent amylose content, gelatinization temperature, and lipid contente0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Apparent amylose content, gelatinization temperature, and lipid content were not affected by crop rotation or fertility”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar influenced amylose, gelatinization temperature and lipid.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- cultivare0
- Outcome
- Apparent amylose content, gelatinization temperature, and lipid contente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Apparent amylose content, gelatinization temperature, and lipid content were not affected by crop rotation or fertility; however, they were influenced by cultivar.”
t0“Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors judged processing quality differences too small to matter for commingled rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- unlikely to have a major impact on processing qualitye0
- Qualifier
- if co‐minglede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the differences were small enough that they are unlikely to have a major impact on processing quality of long grain rice if co‐mingled.”
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See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.