Abstract
Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) growers use significant quantities of insecticides to control pink bollworm (PBW), Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders). The germplasm line WC‐12NL (nectariless, okra leaf, and early maturing) and ‘Deltapine 61’ (nectaried, normal leaf, and later maturing) were grown at Maricopa, AZ, and Brawley, CA, for three seasons. Irrigation water was terminated and plots were defoliated earlier than normal, a practice that favored the early maturing line. Insecticides were applied as needed, based on PBW egg infestations of cotton bolls. The major objective was to determine whether insecticide use can be reduced or eliminated by growing WC‐12NL. Other objectives were to compare WC‐12NL with Deltapine 61 for PBW resistance, yield, earliness, and fiber properties; to study location and seasonal effects; and to determine whether the growth‐regulating chemical ethephon (2‐chloroethylphosphonic acid) would cause bolls to open earlier. The mean number of insecticide applications was 41% lower for WC‐12NL than for Deltapine 61. First and last application dates averaged 21 d later and 10 d earlier, respectively, for WC‐12NL. WC‐12NL had significantly less seed damage caused by PBW, yielded significantly more lint, was significantly earlier, but had inferior fiber properties compared with Deltapine 61. Ethephon treatment increased earliness of Deltapine 61 but did not affect that of WC‐12NL, probably because it was applied too late. Location and seasonal effects and numerous interactions occurred, but did not alter the main conclusion that a cotton line such as WC‐12NL (but with improved fiber properties) could be valuable in areas where PBW is a problem.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
WC‐12NL required 41% fewer insecticide applications than Deltapine 61.
- Taxon
- Cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Material
- WC‐12NLe0
- Outcome
- number of insecticide applicationse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 41%e0
- Comparator
- Deltapine 61e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean number of insecticide applications was 41% lower for WC‐12NL than for Deltapine 61.”
t0“Cotton Resistant to Pink Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
The first insecticide application for WC‐12NL was 21 days later.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- WC‐12NLe0
- Outcome
- application datese0
- Direction
- latere0
- Value
- 21 de0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“First and last application dates averaged 21 d later and 10 d earlier, respectively, for WC‐12NL.”
t0“Cotton Resistant to Pink Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
The last insecticide application for WC‐12NL was 10 days earlier.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- WC‐12NLe0
- Outcome
- last application datese0
- Direction
- earliere0
- Value
- 10 de0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“First and last application dates averaged 21 d later and 10 d earlier, respectively, for WC‐12NL.”
t0“Cotton Resistant to Pink Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
WC‐12NL had less seed damage caused by PBW than Deltapine 61.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- WC‐12NLe0
- Interactor
- PBWe0pest
- Outcome
- seed damage caused by PBWe0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- Deltapine 61e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WC‐12NL had significantly less seed damage caused by PBW, yielded significantly more lint, was significantly earlier, but had inferior fiber properties compared with Deltapine 61.”
t0“Cotton Resistant to Pink Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
WC‐12NL had more lint than Deltapine 61.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- WC‐12NLe0
- Outcome
- linte0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- Deltapine 61e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WC‐12NL had significantly less seed damage caused by PBW, yielded significantly more lint, was significantly earlier, but had inferior fiber properties compared with Deltapine 61.”
t0“Cotton Resistant to Pink Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
WC‐12NL had earlier earlier than Deltapine 61.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- WC‐12NLe0
- Outcome
- earliere0
- Direction
- earliere0
- Comparator
- Deltapine 61e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WC‐12NL had significantly less seed damage caused by PBW, yielded significantly more lint, was significantly earlier, but had inferior fiber properties compared with Deltapine 61.”
t0“Cotton Resistant to Pink Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
WC‐12NL had inferior fiber properties than Deltapine 61.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- WC‐12NLe0
- Outcome
- fiber propertiese0
- Direction
- inferiore0
- Comparator
- Deltapine 61e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WC‐12NL had significantly less seed damage caused by PBW, yielded significantly more lint, was significantly earlier, but had inferior fiber properties compared with Deltapine 61.”
t0“Cotton Resistant to Pink Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon increased earliness of Deltapine 61.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- Deltapine 61e0
- Treatment
- Ethephon treatmente0
- Outcome
- earlinesse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethephon treatment increased earliness of Deltapine 61 but did not affect that of WC‐12NL, probably because it was applied too late.”
t0“Cotton Resistant to Pink Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon did not affect earliness of WC‐12NL, possibly because application was too late.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- WC‐12NLe0
- Treatment
- Ethephon treatmente0
- Outcome
- earlinesse0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Qualifier
- probably because it was applied too latee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ethephon treatment increased earliness of Deltapine 61 but did not affect that of WC‐12NL, probably because it was applied too late.”
t0“Cotton Resistant to Pink Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
Location, season and interactions affected results without changing the main conclusion.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- Location and seasonal effects and numerous interactionse0
- Setting
- areas where PBW is a probleme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Location and seasonal effects and numerous interactions occurred, but did not alter the main conclusion that a cotton line such as WC‐12NL (but with improved fiber properties) could be valuable in areas where PBW is a problem.”
Claim · model-written summary
A line like WC‐12NL with improved fiber could be valuable where PBW is a problem.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Material
- WC‐12NLe0
- Interactor
- PBWe0pest
- Outcome
- could be valuablee0
- Qualifier
- but with improved fiber propertiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a cotton line such as WC‐12NL (but with improved fiber properties) could be valuable in areas where PBW is a problem”
The same questions in other papers
(2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid · phenology · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.