Abstract
Excised cotton terminal buds incubated with adults or nymphs of the cotton fleahopper (CFH), Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter), produced ethylene at theoretical abscission-inducing rates by 24 h after introduction of the insect. Inoculation of cotton shoot tips with three microorganisms commonly associated with CFH and cotton in all cases promoted ethylene production to theoretical abscission-inducing rates by 24 h after inoculation. CFH alone or injection of microorganisms consistently caused cotton shoot tips to darken and become soft. These changes paralleled the rise in ethylene production and did not occur in control shoot tips. Of the three microorganisms, Xanthomonas campestris pv malvacearum (Smith) Dye (XCM) produced little ethylene when grown in culture, while the two fungi, Penicillium purpurogenum Stoll and P. glabrum (Wehmer) Westling, produced higher levels. The parallel between plant response to CFH, XCM, and CFH + XCM suggests a similar mechanism of ethylene induction by these two stress agents. Since a portion of the CFH were devoid of microorganisms, yet their impact on ethylene production by cotton tissue was uniform, we propose that the primary mechanism of ethylene induction involves the insect's salivary fluids which contain cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton buds exposed to adult cotton fleahoppers produced ethylene at theoretical abscission-inducing rates by 24 h.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Organ / stage
- terminal budse0
- Treatment
- incubated with adultse0
- Interactor
- Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter)
Pseudatomoscelis seriatuse0pest - Outcome
- ethylenee0
- Direction
- producede0
- Value
- 24 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excised cotton terminal buds incubated with adults or nymphs of the cotton fleahopper (CFH), Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter), produced ethylene at theoretical abscission-inducing rates by 24 h after introduction of the insect”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton buds exposed to nymphal cotton fleahoppers produced ethylene at theoretical abscission-inducing rates by 24 h.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- nymphs of the cotton fleahoppere0
- Interactor
- Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter)Pseudatomoscelis seriatuse0pest
- Outcome
- ethylenee0
- Direction
- producede0
- Value
- 24 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excised cotton terminal buds incubated with adults or nymphs of the cotton fleahopper (CFH), Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter), produced ethylene at theoretical abscission-inducing rates by 24 h after introduction of the insect”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with three fleahopper-associated microorganisms promoted cotton shoot-tip ethylene production to theoretical abscission-inducing rates by 24 h.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Inoculation of cotton shoot tips with three microorganismse0
- Outcome
- ethylene productione0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Value
- 24 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation of cotton shoot tips with three microorganisms commonly associated with CFH and cotton in all cases promoted ethylene production to theoretical abscission-inducing rates by 24 h after inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Fleahoppers caused cotton shoot tips to darken and soften, changes absent from controls.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- CFH alonee0
- Interactor
- Fleahoppert0pest
- Outcome
- cotton shoot tips to darken and become softe0
- Comparator
- control shoot tipse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CFH alone or injection of microorganisms consistently caused cotton shoot tips to darken and become soft”
e1“These changes paralleled the rise in ethylene production and did not occur in control shoot tips”
t0“Cotton Fleahopper”
Claim · model-written summary
Injected microorganisms caused cotton shoot tips to darken and soften, changes absent from controls.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- injection of microorganismse0
- Outcome
- cotton shoot tips to darken and become softe0
- Comparator
- control shoot tipse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CFH alone or injection of microorganisms consistently caused cotton shoot tips to darken and become soft”
e1“These changes paralleled the rise in ethylene production and did not occur in control shoot tips”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton shoot-tip darkening and softening paralleled increased ethylene production.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Organ / stage
- shoot tipse1
- Outcome
- ethylene productione0
- Direction
- risee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These changes paralleled the rise in ethylene production”
e1“cotton shoot tips to darken and become soft”
Claim · model-written summary
In culture, Xanthomonas campestris pv malvacearum produced little ethylene.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- Xanthomonas campestris pv malvacearum (Smith) Dye
_(25868012152).jpg?width=60)
Xanthomonas campestrise0pathogen - Outcome
- Xanthomonas campestris pv malvacearum (Smith) Dye (XCM) produced little ethylenee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(25868012152).jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Xanthomonas campestris pv malvacearum (Smith) Dye (XCM) produced little ethylene when grown in culture”
t0“by Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
In culture, Penicillium purpurogenum produced higher ethylene levels.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- Penicillium purpurogenum Stolle0other
- Outcome
- Penicillium purpurogenum Stoll and P. glabrum (Wehmer) Westling, produced higher levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Penicillium purpurogenum Stoll and P. glabrum (Wehmer) Westling, produced higher levels”
e1“the two fungi”
t0“by Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
In culture, P. glabrum produced higher ethylene levels.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- P. glabrum (Wehmer) Westling
Penicillium glabrume0other - Outcome
- P. glabrum (Wehmer) Westling, produced higher levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Penicillium purpurogenum Stoll and P. glabrum (Wehmer) Westling, produced higher levels”
t0“by Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose cotton fleahopper salivary fluids containing cell-wall hydrolyzing enzymes as the primary ethylene-induction mechanism.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- Fleahoppert0pest
- Outcome
- ethylene inductione0
- Qualifier
- the insect's salivary fluids which contain cell wall hydrolyzing enzymese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we propose that the primary mechanism of ethylene induction involves the insect's salivary fluids which contain cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes”
t0“Cotton Fleahopper”
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See all 23 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.