Abstract
Brassinosteroid (BR)-induced antioxidant defence has been shown to enhance stress tolerance. In this study, the role of the maize 65 kDa microtubule-associated protein (MAP65), ZmMAP65-1a, in BR-induced antioxidant defence was investigated. Treatment with BR increased the expression of ZmMAP65-1a in maize (Zea mays) leaves and mesophyll protoplasts. Transient expression and RNA interference silencing of ZmMAP65-1a in mesophyll protoplasts further revealed that ZmMAP65-1a is required for the BR-induced increase in expression and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Both exogenous and BR-induced endogenous H2O2 increased the expression of ZmMAP65-1a. Conversely, transient expression of ZmMAP65-1a in maize mesophyll protoplasts enhanced BR-induced H2O2 accumulation, while transient silencing of ZmMAP65-1a blocked the BR-induced expression of NADPH oxidase genes and inhibited BR-induced H2O2 accumulation. Inhibiting the activity and gene expression of ZmMPK5 significantly prevented the BR-induced expression of ZmMAP65-1a. Likewise, transient expression of ZmMPK5 enhanced BR-induced activities of the antioxidant defence enzymes SOD and APX in a ZmMAP65- 1a-dependent manner. ZmMPK5 directly interacted with ZmMAP65-1a in vivo and phosphorylated ZmMAP65-1a in vitro. These results suggest that BR-induced antioxidant defence in maize operates through the interaction of ZmMPK5 with ZmMAP65-1a. Furthermore, ZmMAP65-1a functions in H2O2 self-propagation via regulation of the expression of NADPH oxidase genes in BR signalling.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
BR treatment increased ZmMAP65-1a expression in maize leaves and mesophyll protoplasts.
- Organ / stage
- leaves and mesophyll protoplastse0
- Treatment
- BRe0
- Gene
- ZmMAP65-1ae0
- Outcome
- expression of ZmMAP65-1ae0
- Direction
- increasede0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with BR increased the expression of ZmMAP65-1a in maize (Zea mays) leaves and mesophyll protoplasts.”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmMAP65-1a was required for the BR-induced increase in SOD expression and activity.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZmMAP65-1a is required for the BR-induced increase in expression and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmMAP65-1a was required for the BR-induced increase in APX expression and activity.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZmMAP65-1a is required for the BR-induced increase in expression and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous H2O2 increased ZmMAP65-1a expression.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both exogenous and BR-induced endogenous H2O2 increased the expression of ZmMAP65-1a.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
BR-induced endogenous H2O2 increased ZmMAP65-1a expression.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both exogenous and BR-induced endogenous H2O2 increased the expression of ZmMAP65-1a.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient ZmMAP65-1a expression enhanced BR-induced H2O2 accumulation.
- Treatment
- transient expression of ZmMAP65-1ae0
- Gene
- ZmMAP65-1ae0
- Outcome
- H2O2 accumulatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transient expression of ZmMAP65-1a in maize mesophyll protoplasts enhanced BR-induced H2O2 accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient ZmMAP65-1a silencing blocked BR-induced NADPH oxidase gene expression.
- Treatment
- transient silencing of ZmMAP65-1ae0
- Gene
- NADPH oxidase genese0
- Outcome
- expression of NADPH oxidase genese0
- Direction
- blockede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transient silencing of ZmMAP65-1a blocked the BR-induced expression of NADPH oxidase genes and inhibited BR-induced H2O2 accumulation”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient ZmMAP65-1a silencing inhibited BR-induced H2O2 accumulation.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transient silencing of ZmMAP65-1a blocked the BR-induced expression of NADPH oxidase genes and inhibited BR-induced H2O2 accumulation”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibiting ZmMPK5 activity and expression prevented BR-induced ZmMAP65-1a expression.
- Treatment
- Inhibiting the activity and gene expression of ZmMPK5e0
- Gene
- ZmMPK5e0
- Outcome
- expression of ZmMAP65-1ae0
- Direction
- preventede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inhibiting the activity and gene expression of ZmMPK5 significantly prevented the BR-induced expression of ZmMAP65-1a.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmMPK5 expression enhanced BR-induced SOD and APX activities in a ZmMAP65-1a-dependent manner.
- Treatment
- transient expression of ZmMPK5e0
- Gene
- ZmMPK5e0
- Outcome
- activities of the antioxidant defence enzymes SOD and APXe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transient expression of ZmMPK5 enhanced BR-induced activities of the antioxidant defence enzymes SOD and APX in a ZmMAP65- 1a-dependent manner”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmMPK5 interacted with ZmMAP65-1a in vivo.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZmMPK5 directly interacted with ZmMAP65-1a in vivo”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmMPK5 phosphorylated ZmMAP65-1a in vitro.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZmMPK5 directly interacted with ZmMAP65-1a in vivo and phosphorylated ZmMAP65-1a in vitro”
t0“maize”
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