Abstract
SUMMARY An earlier report of leaf scorch and diminished yield when using large amounts of urea on winter oilseed rape ( Brassica napus ) was investigated by applying 200 kg N/ha as calcium ammonium nitrate (‘Nitro-chalk’) or urea as a single dressing or divided in six ways. The ‘single-low’ variety Mikado (low in erucic acid) was grown in 1986 and was compared with the ‘double-low’ variety Ariana (low in erucic acid and glucosinolates) in 1987 and 1988. No scorch was seen in these experiments. Yield from rape fertilized with prilled urea was, on average, 98% of that from rape fertilized with ammonium nitrate. The timing and distribution of the fertilizer also had little effect on yield, though yield slightly decreased when part of the dressing was withheld during March. The earlier-maturing variety Mikado always outyielded Ariana except when harvest was delayed by bad weather. When plots were fertilized with urea, the oil content of the seed was a little larger than when fertilized with Nitro-chalk, which compensated for the smaller seed yield, resulting in almost equal oil yield from both forms of N fertilizer. Crude protein content was lower after a large single dose of urea fertilizer but parity with ammonium nitrate was restored by smaller amounts applied on a number of occasions. Neither form nor timing of N fertilizer had any consistent effect on the total glucosinolate content. The incidence of disease was significantly greater in rape given either form of N fertilizer than where none was given, but when downy mildew ( Peronospora parasitica ) was prevalent on pods there was significantly less infection in plots fertilized with urea than with ammonium nitrate.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Neither fertilizer regimen produced visible scorch.
- Taxon
- winter oilseed rape
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napust0 - Outcome
- No scorche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“No scorch was seen in these experiments.”
t0“winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Prilled urea produced 98% of the seed yield from ammonium nitrate on average.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napuse0
- Treatment
- prilled ureae0
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- 98% ofe0
- Value
- 98%e0
- Comparator
- ammonium nitratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield from rape fertilized with prilled urea was, on average, 98% of that from rape fertilized with ammonium nitrate.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer timing and distribution had little effect on yield.
- Taxon
- winter oilseed rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- timing and distribution of the fertilizere0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The timing and distribution of the fertilizer also had little effect on yield”
t0“winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Withholding part of the dressing in March slightly reduced yield.
- Taxon
- winter oilseed rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- part of the dressing was withheld during Marche0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- slightly decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield slightly decreased when part of the dressing was withheld during March”
t0“winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mikado usually outyielded Ariana, except when weather delayed harvest.
- Taxon
- winter oilseed rapeBrassica napust0
- Material
- Mikadoe0
- Outcome
- outyieldede0
- Direction
- outyieldede0
- Qualifier
- except when harvest was delayed by bad weathere0
- Comparator
- Arianae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The earlier-maturing variety Mikado always outyielded Ariana except when harvest was delayed by bad weather.”
t0“winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea increased seed oil content relative to Nitro-chalk.
- Taxon
- winter oilseed rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- ureae0
- Outcome
- oil content of the seede0
- Direction
- a little largere0
- Comparator
- Nitro-chalke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When plots were fertilized with urea, the oil content of the seed was a little larger than when fertilized with Nitro-chalk”
t0“winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil yield was almost equal under the two nitrogen fertilizer forms.
- Taxon
- winter oilseed rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- both forms of N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- oil yielde0
- Direction
- almost equale0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resulting in almost equal oil yield from both forms of N fertilizer”
t0“winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
A large single urea dose lowered crude protein content relative to ammonium nitrate.
- Taxon
- winter oilseed rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- a large single dose of urea fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Crude protein contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- ammonium nitratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crude protein content was lower after a large single dose of urea fertilizer but parity with ammonium nitrate was restored by smaller amounts applied on a number of occasions.”
t0“winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated smaller urea doses restored crude protein parity with ammonium nitrate.
- Taxon
- winter oilseed rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- smaller amounts applied on a number of occasionse0
- Outcome
- paritye0
- Direction
- restorede0
- Comparator
- ammonium nitratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“parity with ammonium nitrate was restored by smaller amounts applied on a number of occasions”
t0“winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen form and timing had no consistent effect on total glucosinolate content.
- Taxon
- winter oilseed rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- form nor timing of N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- total glucosinolate contente0
- Direction
- any consistent effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Neither form nor timing of N fertilizer had any consistent effect on the total glucosinolate content.”
t0“winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Either nitrogen fertilizer increased disease incidence relative to no fertilizer.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napuse0
- Treatment
- either form of N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- incidence of diseasee0
- Direction
- significantly greatere0
- Comparator
- none was givene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The incidence of disease was significantly greater in rape given either form of N fertilizer than where none was given”
t0“winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea reduced pod downy mildew infection relative to ammonium nitrate.
- Taxon
- winter oilseed rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- ureae0
- Interactor
- Peronospora parasitica
Hyaloperonospora parasiticae0pathogen - Outcome
- downy mildew ( Peronospora parasitica ) was prevalent on pods there was significantly less infectione0
- Direction
- significantly lesse0
- Comparator
- ammonium nitratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“when downy mildew ( Peronospora parasitica ) was prevalent on pods there was significantly less infection in plots fertilized with urea than with ammonium nitrate.”
t0“winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)”
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