Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the serious restrictive issues for optimum crop production in arid to semi-arid areas. Application of organic amendments have shown positive effects on crop growth and yield under such scenario. The present study was conducted to estimate the potential of calcium-fortified composted animal manure (Ca-FCM) to enhance growth and yield of canola under saline soil conditions. Salt affected soils with various electrical conductivity (EC) levels (original 1.5, 5, and 10 dS m−1) were developed via spiking the soil with sodium chloride (NaCl) salt. The results reveal that soil salinity reduced the growth, physiological, yield, and nutritional parameters of canola. However, application of 3% calcium-fortified composted manure significantly enhanced the growth and yield parameters at all EC levels as compared to control. Plant physiological parameters such as photosynthetic rate, relative chlorophyll contents (SPAD value), and relative water content were also increased with the application of 3% Ca-FCM at all EC levels in comparison to control. Application of 3% Ca-FCM also mediated the antioxidant enzymes activities at all EC levels in comparison to control. Moreover, application of 3% Ca-FCM caused maximum increase in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations in shoot at all EC levels. Conversely, application of 3% Ca-FCM showed maximum decrease in Na+/K+ ratio in leaf up to 83.33%, 77.78%, and 71.43% at EC levels 1.5, 5, and 10 dS m−1, respectively, as compared to control. It was concluded that application of calcium-fortified composted animal manure (Ca-FCM) could be an efficient method for improving growth, yield, physiological, and nutritional parameters of canola through mediation of antioxidant defense machinery under saline soil conditions.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Soil salinity reduced growth, physiological, yield and nutritional parameters of canola.
- Taxon
- canola
.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napus var. napust0 - Treatment
- soil salinitye1
- Outcome
- growth, physiological, yield, and nutritional parameterse1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Canola (Brassica napus L.)”
e1“The results reveal that soil salinity reduced the growth, physiological, yield, and nutritional parameters of canola”
Claim · model-written summary
The 3% calcium-fortified composted manure significantly enhanced growth and yield parameters of canola compared with control.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- 3% calcium-fortified composted manuree2
- Outcome
- growth and yield parameterse2
- Direction
- enhancede2
- Qualifier
- at all EC levelse2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Canola (Brassica napus L.)”
e2“application of 3% calcium-fortified composted manure significantly enhanced the growth and yield parameters at all EC levels as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
The 3% Ca-FCM increased photosynthetic rate, relative chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and relative water content of canola compared with control.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- 3% Ca-FCMe3
- Outcome
- photosynthetic rate, relative chlorophyll contents (SPAD value), and relative water contente3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Qualifier
- at all EC levelse3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Canola (Brassica napus L.)”
e3“Plant physiological parameters such as photosynthetic rate, relative chlorophyll contents (SPAD value), and relative water content were also increased with the application of 3% Ca-FCM at all EC levels in comparison to control”
Claim · model-written summary
The 3% Ca-FCM mediated antioxidant enzyme activities of canola compared with control.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- 3% Ca-FCMe4
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzymes activitiese4
- Comparator
- controle4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Canola (Brassica napus L.)”
e4“Application of 3% Ca-FCM also mediated the antioxidant enzymes activities at all EC levels in comparison to control”
Claim · model-written summary
The 3% Ca-FCM caused the maximum increase in shoot nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations of canola.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- 3% Ca-FCMe5
- Outcome
- nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations in shoote5
- Direction
- maximum increasee5
- Qualifier
- at all EC levelse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Canola (Brassica napus L.)”
e5“application of 3% Ca-FCM caused maximum increase in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations in shoot at all EC levels”
Claim · model-written summary
The 3% Ca-FCM gave the maximum decrease in leaf Na+/K+ ratio of canola, up to 83.33% at EC level 1.5 dS m−1, compared with control.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- 3% Ca-FCMe6
- Outcome
- Na+/K+ ratio in leafe6
- Direction
- maximum decreasee6
- Value
- 83.33%e6
- Qualifier
- at EC levels 1.5, 5, and 10 dS m−1, respectivelye6
- Comparator
- controle6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Canola (Brassica napus L.)”
e6“application of 3% Ca-FCM showed maximum decrease in Na+/K+ ratio in leaf up to 83.33%, 77.78%, and 71.43% at EC levels 1.5, 5, and 10 dS m−1, respectively, as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
The 3% Ca-FCM gave the maximum decrease in leaf Na+/K+ ratio of canola, up to 77.78% at EC level 5 dS m−1, compared with control.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- 3% Ca-FCMe6
- Outcome
- Na+/K+ ratio in leafe6
- Direction
- maximum decreasee6
- Value
- 77.78%e6
- Qualifier
- at EC levels 1.5, 5, and 10 dS m−1, respectivelye6
- Comparator
- controle6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Canola (Brassica napus L.)”
e6“application of 3% Ca-FCM showed maximum decrease in Na+/K+ ratio in leaf up to 83.33%, 77.78%, and 71.43% at EC levels 1.5, 5, and 10 dS m−1, respectively, as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
The 3% Ca-FCM gave the maximum decrease in leaf Na+/K+ ratio of canola, up to 71.43% at EC level 10 dS m−1, compared with control.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- 3% Ca-FCMe6
- Outcome
- Na+/K+ ratio in leafe6
- Direction
- maximum decreasee6
- Value
- 71.43%e6
- Qualifier
- at EC levels 1.5, 5, and 10 dS m−1, respectivelye6
- Comparator
- controle6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Canola (Brassica napus L.)”
e6“application of 3% Ca-FCM showed maximum decrease in Na+/K+ ratio in leaf up to 83.33%, 77.78%, and 71.43% at EC levels 1.5, 5, and 10 dS m−1, respectively, as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium-fortified composted animal manure could be an efficient method for improving growth, yield, physiological and nutritional parameters of canola under saline soil conditions.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- application of calcium-fortified composted animal manure (Ca-FCM)e7
- Outcome
- improving growth, yield, physiological, and nutritional parameters of canolae7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Canola (Brassica napus L.)”
e7“It was concluded that application of calcium-fortified composted animal manure (Ca-FCM) could be an efficient method for improving growth, yield, physiological, and nutritional parameters of canola”
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