Abstract
In winter months, U.S. domestic strawberry supply is low and demand is high, and unit price for strawberries is at its highest point during the year. Forcing strawberries in high tunnels during this time might capture this niche market. Since yields are much lower in forced systems, enhancing the light environment to increase yield with colored nets (ChromatiNets; distributed by Polysack, Inc., San Diego, CA) was attempted in 2007–2008 (previously published) without success. In the second year of field experiments in 2008–2009, the experiment was repeated with some modifications. ‘Sweet Charlie’ plugs were conditioned from September 5 to September 26 at 24°C on a 12-hr day/night cycle and were planted September 28 in fertilized plots in a high tunnel (29.3-m long × 4.3-m wide × 3.1-m high). Conditioned plants were also planted outside on mulched, drip-irrigated beds as a control. Red, yellow, and pearl ChromatiNets (24% shade factor, lowest intensity possible) were installed over the top of the high tunnel in 7.3-m wide swathes and a nonnetted plot included. Plants were fertigated weekly with about 3.2 kg N/hectare per week from 15 N–30 P2O4–15 K2O. High tunnels were vented to maintain day temperatures in the range of 25 to 30°C. In the second year's work, marketable berry production began November 21, 2008, and continued until February 27, 2009, without any yield advantage for ChromatiNets. In March, plants appeared exhausted; therefore, the high tunnel was opened and plants were allowed to acclimate to outside temperatures. By April, the outside plots were in full production, yielding more than any high tunnel treatments. In the high tunnel, however, yields resumed, with the red nets tending to yield more than the pearl; no-net control and yellow net yielded similarly, but slightly less, than red. In May, all high tunnel treatments and outside berries yielded similarly. Over all harvest periods, there were no differences in total yields with nets in the second year, similar to the first year. It is probable that in winter, the ChromatiNet shading factor overwhelmed any light quality enhancement, and in longer, warmer, and brighter days, the ChromatiNets may show an advantage.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
ChromatiNets provided no marketable yield advantage during winter production.
- Taxon
- Strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Material
- Sweet Charliet0
- Treatment
- ChromatiNetse0
- Outcome
- marketable berry productione0
- Direction
- without any yield advantagee0
- Qualifier
- November 21, 2008, and continued until February 27, 2009e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“In the second year's work, marketable berry production began November 21, 2008, and continued until February 27, 2009, without any yield advantage for ChromatiNets.”
t0“Sweet Charlie’ Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Outside plots yielded more than high tunnel treatments by April.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- outside plotse0
- Outcome
- yieldinge0
- Direction
- moree0
- Qualifier
- Aprile0
- Comparator
- high tunnel treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By April, the outside plots were in full production, yielding more than any high tunnel treatments.”
t0“Sweet Charlie’ Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
In high tunnels, red nets tended to yield more than pearl nets.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- red netse0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- pearle0
- Setting
- high tunnele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the high tunnel, however, yields resumed, with the red nets tending to yield more than the pearl; no-net control and yellow net yielded similarly, but slightly less, than red.”
t0“Sweet Charlie’ Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
No-net control and yellow nets yielded similarly in high tunnels.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- yellow nete0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- similarlye0
- Comparator
- no-net controle0
- Setting
- high tunnele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the high tunnel, however, yields resumed, with the red nets tending to yield more than the pearl; no-net control and yellow net yielded similarly, but slightly less, than red.”
t0“Sweet Charlie’ Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow nets yielded slightly less than red nets in high tunnels.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- yellow nete0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- rede0
- Setting
- high tunnele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the high tunnel, however, yields resumed, with the red nets tending to yield more than the pearl; no-net control and yellow net yielded similarly, but slightly less, than red.”
t0“Sweet Charlie’ Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
High tunnel and outside strawberry yields were similar in May.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- high tunnel treatmentse0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- similarlye0
- Qualifier
- Maye0
- Comparator
- outside berriese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In May, all high tunnel treatments and outside berries yielded similarly.”
t0“Sweet Charlie’ Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Nets did not change total yield across all harvest periods in the second year.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- netse0
- Outcome
- total yieldse0
- Direction
- no differencese0
- Qualifier
- second yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Over all harvest periods, there were no differences in total yields with nets in the second year, similar to the first year.”
t0“Sweet Charlie’ Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that winter shading may have overwhelmed light-quality benefits.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- ChromatiNet shading factore0
- Outcome
- light quality enhancemente0
- Qualifier
- in wintere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It is probable that in winter, the ChromatiNet shading factor overwhelmed any light quality enhancement, and in longer, warmer, and brighter days, the ChromatiNets may show an advantage.”
t0“Sweet Charlie’ Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest ChromatiNets may benefit yield in warmer, brighter days.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- ChromatiNetse0
- Outcome
- show an advantagee0
- Qualifier
- longer, warmer, and brighter dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It is probable that in winter, the ChromatiNet shading factor overwhelmed any light quality enhancement, and in longer, warmer, and brighter days, the ChromatiNets may show an advantage.”
t0“Sweet Charlie’ Strawberry”
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