Abstract
ABSTRACT A hydroponic experiment was carried out utilizing four barley genotypes with differing salt tolerances to investigate the influence of salinity (NaCl) and cadmium (Cd) on the activities of antioxidant enzymes, sodium (Na) and Cd concentrations, and accumulation in plants. The activities of the two antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), were significantly increased when plants were exposed to both Na and Cd stresses for all genotypes, relative to the control. The increased enzymatic activity was more predominant with a prolonged time of stress exposure. The combined stress (NaCl+Cd) led to a further increase in POD activity, but had little effect on SOD activity. Two salt-tolerant genotypes, ‘Gebeina’ and ‘Zhou 1,’ showed a more rapid increase of POD and SOD activities than the two salt-sensitive genotypes, ‘Newgoutei’ and ‘Quzhou’ in response to the combined stress treatment. Additions of NaCl to the Cd-containing medium caused a significant reduction in both Cd concentration and accumulation. The extent of the reduction in Cd concentration was also dependent on genotypes. The salt-tolerant genotypes had lower Na concentrations than sensitive genotypes, and the effect of Cd stress on Na concentration and accumulation varied with genotypes. It may be concluded that a significant interaction exists between Na and Cd in their influence on antioxidant enzyme activity and the accumulation of each element in the plant.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Na and Cd stress significantly increased SOD activity in all barley genotypes versus control.
- Taxon
- Barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- both Na and Cd stressese0
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase (SOD)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The activities of the two antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), were significantly increased when plants were exposed to both Na and Cd stresses for all genotypes, relative to the control.”
t0“Barley Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Na and Cd stress significantly increased POD activity in all barley genotypes versus control.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- both Na and Cd stressese0
- Outcome
- peroxidase (POD)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activities of the two antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), were significantly increased when plants were exposed to both Na and Cd stresses for all genotypes, relative to the control.”
t0“Barley Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant enzyme activity increases became more pronounced with longer stress exposure.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- prolonged time of stress exposuree0
- Outcome
- enzymatic activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased enzymatic activity was more predominant with a prolonged time of stress exposure.”
t0“Barley Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined NaCl and Cd stress further increased POD activity.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- combined stress (NaCl+Cd)e0
- Outcome
- POD activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined stress (NaCl+Cd) led to a further increase in POD activity, but had little effect on SOD activity.”
t0“Barley Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined NaCl and Cd stress had little effect on SOD activity.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- combined stress (NaCl+Cd)e0
- Outcome
- SOD activitye0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined stress (NaCl+Cd) led to a further increase in POD activity, but had little effect on SOD activity.”
t0“Barley Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt-tolerant Gebeina and Zhou 1 had a faster POD and SOD activity rise under combined stress than sensitive genotypes.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- ‘Gebeina’ and ‘Zhou 1,’e0
- Treatment
- combined stress treatmente0
- Outcome
- POD and SOD activitiese0
- Direction
- more rapid increasee0
- Comparator
- ‘Newgoutei’ and ‘Quzhou’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two salt-tolerant genotypes, ‘Gebeina’ and ‘Zhou 1,’ showed a more rapid increase of POD and SOD activities than the two salt-sensitive genotypes, ‘Newgoutei’ and ‘Quzhou’ in response to the combined stress treatment.”
t0“Barley Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding NaCl to Cd medium significantly reduced plant Cd concentration.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Additions of NaCl to the Cd-containing mediume0
- Outcome
- Cd concentratione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- Cd-containing mediume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additions of NaCl to the Cd-containing medium caused a significant reduction in both Cd concentration and accumulation.”
t0“Barley Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding NaCl to Cd medium significantly reduced plant Cd accumulation.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Additions of NaCl to the Cd-containing mediume0
- Outcome
- Cd concentration and accumulatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- Cd-containing mediume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additions of NaCl to the Cd-containing medium caused a significant reduction in both Cd concentration and accumulation.”
t0“Barley Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype affected the extent of Cd concentration reduction.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- genotypese0
- Outcome
- reduction in Cd concentratione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The extent of the reduction in Cd concentration was also dependent on genotypes.”
t0“Barley Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt-tolerant barley genotypes had lower Na concentration than sensitive genotypes.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- salt-tolerant genotypese0
- Outcome
- Na concentrationse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- sensitive genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The salt-tolerant genotypes had lower Na concentrations than sensitive genotypes”
t0“Barley Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd stress effects on Na concentration and accumulation varied by genotype.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- genotypese0
- Treatment
- Cd stresse0
- Outcome
- Na concentration and accumulatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of Cd stress on Na concentration and accumulation varied with genotypes.”
t0“Barley Genotypes”
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See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.