Abstract
Management of N 2 ‐fixing bacteria or P‐scavenging endomycorrhizae may lead to decreased fertilizer use on extensively cropped lands. To measure the effectiveness of these microsymbionts, soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Amsoy 71] plants were grown in a growth chamber in a soil [Josephine silty clay loam (mesic Typic Haploxerult)] low in plant‐available N and P. Plants were inoculated with different Bradyrhizobium strains or received nutrient solutions of different N concentrations (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 mM N) and P adequate for maximum plant growth under these conditions. Other plants were infected with a vesicular‐arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus and a Bradyrhizobium strain and received no N or P in the nutrient solution. The purpose of this study was to determine the growth response of soybean to N fertilization or nodulation by B. japonicum under conditions of high P availability or V AM‐assisted P uptake. Nodulated non‐VAM soybean plants had dry weights and development similar to that of the 4.0 mM N fertilizer treatment. Total N and Mn, leaf area, and leaf P of nodulated plants were higher than in the comparable N‐fertilized plants in the absence of P stress. Soybeans infected with both the VAM fungus and Bradyrhizobium were similar in total dry weight, leaf area, and development to plants that received 1.0 or 2.0 mM N. They, however, contained more leaf N, more root Cu and Zn, and less Mn and P than the 2.0 mM N treatment. It is concluded that a number of host characteristics of nodulated plants are due to the altered functional aspects of the symbiosis and not N input alone. The presence of the VAM fungus can decrease nutrient stress in environments limited in P, Zn and Cu, elements essential in N 2 fixation.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Nodulated non-VAM soybeans had dry weight and development similar to the 4.0 mM N treatment.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- Nodulated non‐VAMe0
- Outcome
- dry weights and developmente0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- 4.0 mM N fertilizer treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodulated non‐VAM soybean plants had dry weights and development similar to that of the 4.0 mM N fertilizer treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nodulated plants had more total N and Mn, leaf area and leaf P than comparable N-fertilized plants.
Verbatim
e0“Total N and Mn, leaf area, and leaf P of nodulated plants were higher than in the comparable N‐fertilized plants in the absence of P stress.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybeans with VAM and Bradyrhizobium had total dry weight, leaf area and development similar to the 1.0 or 2.0 mM N treatment.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- infected with both the VAM fungus and Bradyrhizobiume0
- Interactor
- VAM funguse0symbiont
- Second interactor
- Bradyrhizobium
Bradyrhizobiume0symbiont - Outcome
- total dry weight, leaf area, and developmente0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- plants that received 1.0 or 2.0 mM Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybeans infected with both the VAM fungus and Bradyrhizobium were similar in total dry weight, leaf area, and development to plants that received 1.0 or 2.0 mM N.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybeans with VAM and Bradyrhizobium had more leaf N and root Cu and Zn than the 2.0 mM N treatment.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- infected with both the VAM fungus and Bradyrhizobiume0
- Outcome
- leaf N, more root Cu and Zne0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- 2.0 mM N treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybeans infected with both the VAM fungus and Bradyrhizobium were similar in total dry weight, leaf area, and development to plants that received 1.0 or 2.0 mM N. They, however, contained more leaf N, more root Cu and Zn, and less Mn and P than the 2.0 mM N treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybeans with VAM and Bradyrhizobium had less Mn and P than the 2.0 mM N treatment.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- infected with both the VAM fungus and Bradyrhizobiume0
- Outcome
- Mn and Pe0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- 2.0 mM N treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybeans infected with both the VAM fungus and Bradyrhizobium were similar in total dry weight, leaf area, and development to plants that received 1.0 or 2.0 mM N. They, however, contained more leaf N, more root Cu and Zn, and less Mn and P than the 2.0 mM N treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nodulated plant characteristics were attributed to altered symbiosis, beyond N input alone.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Outcome
- host characteristicse0
- Qualifier
- altered functional aspects of the symbiosise0
Verbatim
e0“a number of host characteristics of nodulated plants are due to the altered functional aspects of the symbiosis and not N input alone”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded VAM can reduce nutrient stress when P, Zn and Cu are limiting.
- Interactor
- VAM funguse0symbiont
- Outcome
- nutrient stresse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- environments limited in P, Zn and Cue0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The presence of the VAM fungus can decrease nutrient stress in environments limited in P, Zn and Cu”
The same questions in other papers
Bradyrhizobium · nutrient: content · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →infection · nutrient: content · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →mycorrhiza · nutrient: content · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
49 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
48 papers more in this group
See all 52 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.