Abstract
Below is a brief summary of the chief points of interest which our investigations appear to have suggested so far: That the most convenient method of sampling roots for analysis is to remove a core from each root, and that when using this method at least 50 roots must be cored in order to obtain a sample representing the composition of the bulk of roots grown on a field. That a large proportion of the commonly grown strains of mangels may be assigned to one or other of five types. That of these types, four have their cropping power and percentage of dry matter so nearly in inverse proportion that they yield practically the same weight of dry matter per acre. That the fifth type, Long Bed, yields considerably more dry matter per acre than the other four varieties. That large roots on the average contain more water and less dry matter than smaller ones. That there is a considerable variation in the composition of mangels from year to year, probably depending on such conditions as rainfall and sunshine at particular periods of growth. That manurial treatment causes distinct variations in composition, the most noticeable point being that excessive applications of nitrogen delay ripening and decrease the percentage of dry matter. That different farms grow roots of different composition. That there is very great variation among individual roots of the same variety grown side by side, in content of dry matter, sugar, and nitrogen, and in size, shape, colour; in fact, in all the characters which we have been able to observe. That there is so little correlation between the different characters that it is possible to pick out for seed-mothers large roots containing high percentages of dry matter rich in any desired constituent, and it is suggested that, from analogy with the sugar beet, continuous selection carried out in this manner may result in improvement in any desired direction. That since colour, shape, and specific gravity of root or of juice are shown not to be correlated with percentage of dry matter, sugar, or nitrogen, selection for these characters is not likely to lead to any improvement.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Core sampling at least 50 roots represents bulk root composition.
Verbatim
e0“at least 50 roots must be cored in order to obtain a sample representing the composition of the bulk of roots grown on a field”
Claim · model-written summary
Commonly grown mangel strains can mostly be classified into five types.
Verbatim
e0“a large proportion of the commonly grown strains of mangels may be assigned to one or other of five types”
Claim · model-written summary
Four mangel types had nearly inverse cropping power and dry matter percentage and similar dry matter yield per acre.
Verbatim
e0“four have their cropping power and percentage of dry matter so nearly in inverse proportion that they yield practically the same weight of dry matter per acre”
t0“Mangels”
Claim · model-written summary
Long Bed yielded considerably more dry matter per acre than four other varieties.
Verbatim
e0“the fifth type, Long Bed, yields considerably more dry matter per acre than the other four varieties”
t0“Mangels”
Claim · model-written summary
Larger roots contained more water than smaller roots.
Verbatim
e0“large roots on the average contain more water and less dry matter than smaller ones”
t0“Mangels”
Claim · model-written summary
Larger roots contained less dry matter than smaller roots.
Verbatim
e0“large roots on the average contain more water and less dry matter than smaller ones”
t0“Mangels”
Claim · model-written summary
Mangel composition varied considerably among years, possibly with rainfall and sunshine.
Verbatim
e0“there is a considerable variation in the composition of mangels from year to year, probably depending on such conditions as rainfall and sunshine at particular periods of growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Manurial treatment produced distinct differences in mangel composition.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“manurial treatment causes distinct variations in composition”
t0“Mangels”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess nitrogen delayed ripening.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“excessive applications of nitrogen delay ripening and decrease the percentage of dry matter”
t0“Mangels”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess nitrogen decreased dry matter percentage.
- Taxon
- Mangelst0
- Treatment
- excessive applications of nitrogene0
- Outcome
- percentage of dry mattere0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“excessive applications of nitrogen delay ripening and decrease the percentage of dry matter”
t0“Mangels”
Claim · model-written summary
Roots grown on different farms differed in composition.
Verbatim
e0“different farms grow roots of different composition”
t0“Mangels”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual roots of the same variety grown together varied in dry matter, sugar and nitrogen content.
Verbatim
e0“very great variation among individual roots of the same variety grown side by side, in content of dry matter, sugar, and nitrogen”
t0“Mangels”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual roots of the same variety grown together varied in size, shape and colour.
Verbatim
e0“very great variation among individual roots of the same variety grown side by side, in content of dry matter, sugar, and nitrogen, and in size, shape, colour”
t0“Mangels”
Claim · model-written summary
Correlations among measured root characters were weak.
Verbatim
e0“there is so little correlation between the different characters”
e1“at least 50 roots must be cored in order to obtain a sample representing the composition of the bulk of roots grown on a field”
t0“Mangels”
Claim · model-written summary
Colour, shape and specific gravity of root or juice were uncorrelated with dry matter, sugar or nitrogen percentage.
Verbatim
e0“colour, shape, and specific gravity of root or of juice are shown not to be correlated with percentage of dry matter, sugar, or nitrogen”
t0“Mangels”
Claim · model-written summary
Selection for colour, shape or specific gravity is unlikely to improve the desired composition.
Verbatim
e0“selection for these characters is not likely to lead to any improvement”
t0“Mangels”