Abstract
The absorption and partitioning of N is determined by its availability and demand during the various phenological stages of the crop. In two experiments conducted in rainfed areas of the Mediterranean climate region of central Chile, legume-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotations were compared to oat (Avena sativa L.)-wheat systems (with and without applications of N fertilizer). The objective was to assess the contribution of legumes to the availability of soil N and N uptake by the wheat crop following grain legumes. N mineralization and uptake, N use efficiency (NUE), and N uptake efficiency (NUpE) by wheat were evaluated at different phenological stages in 2010. Synchronization existed between accumulated soil N mineralization and N uptake by the wheat. N uptake by wheat was higher in Experiment II (Andean foothill) than in Experiment I (interior dryland). Grain yields after legumes ranged 60-110% and 72-103% of yields in the fertilized cereal rotation (oat-wheat) in Experiments I and II, respectively. There was high correlation between soil N availability vs. grain yield (R² = 0.84 and 0.64) and N uptake vs. grain yield (R² = 0.55 and 0.64) for Experiments I and II, respectively. Rotations with lupine (Lupinus spp.) and field peas (Pisum sativum L.) showed high NUE and NUpE in Experiment I, and Experiment II in pea. The lowest NUE was after oats with N fertilizers. It is concluded that wheat cultivated in both agro-ecological areas after grain legumes or green manure was more efficient in N uptake and use than cereal, especially when the latter was fertilized.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Soil N mineralization was synchronized with N uptake by the wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume6 - Outcome
- accumulated soil N mineralization and N uptakee6
- Qualifier
- Synchronization existede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“legume-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotations were compared to oat (Avena sativa L.)-wheat systems”
e6“Synchronization existed between accumulated soil N mineralization and N uptake by the wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat N uptake was higher in Experiment II (Andean foothill) than in Experiment I (interior dryland).
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Outcome
- N uptakee7
- Direction
- highere7
- Comparator
- Experiment I (interior dryland)e7
- Setting
- Experiment II (Andean foothill)e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“N uptake by wheat was higher in Experiment II (Andean foothill) than in Experiment I (interior dryland)”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yields after legumes were 60-110% of yields in the fertilized oat-wheat rotation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- after legumese1
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse1
- Value
- 60-110%e1
- Qualifier
- respectivelye1
- Comparator
- fertilized cereal rotation (oat-wheat)e1
- Setting
- Experiments I and IIe1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“legume-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotations were compared to oat (Avena sativa L.)-wheat systems”
e1“Grain yields after legumes ranged 60-110% and 72-103% of yields in the fertilized cereal rotation (oat-wheat) in Experiments I and II, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yields after legumes were 72-103% of yields in the fertilized oat-wheat rotation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- after legumese1
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse1
- Value
- 72-103%e1
- Qualifier
- respectivelye1
- Comparator
- fertilized cereal rotation (oat-wheat)e1
- Setting
- Experiments I and IIe1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“legume-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotations were compared to oat (Avena sativa L.)-wheat systems”
e1“Grain yields after legumes ranged 60-110% and 72-103% of yields in the fertilized cereal rotation (oat-wheat) in Experiments I and II, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil N availability was highly correlated with grain yield of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- soil N availabilitye1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Value
- R² = 0.84 and 0.64e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“legume-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotations were compared to oat (Avena sativa L.)-wheat systems”
e1“There was high correlation between soil N availability vs. grain yield (R² = 0.84 and 0.64)”
Claim · model-written summary
N uptake was highly correlated with grain yield of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- N uptakee2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Value
- R² = 0.55 and 0.64e2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“legume-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotations were compared to oat (Avena sativa L.)-wheat systems”
e2“and N uptake vs. grain yield (R² = 0.55 and 0.64) for Experiments I and II”
Claim · model-written summary
Lupine rotations showed high NUE and NUpE in Experiment I.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Rotations with lupine (Lupinus spp.)e3
- Outcome
- NUE and NUpEe3
- Direction
- highe3
- Comparator
- oat (Avena sativa L.)-wheat systemse0
- Setting
- Experiment Ie3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“legume-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotations were compared to oat (Avena sativa L.)-wheat systems”
e3“Rotations with lupine (Lupinus spp.) and field peas (Pisum sativum L.) showed high NUE and NUpE in Experiment I, and Experiment II in pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Field pea rotations showed high NUE and NUpE in Experiment I and in Experiment II.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- field pease3
- Outcome
- NUE and NUpEe3
- Direction
- highe3
- Qualifier
- and Experiment II in peae3
- Comparator
- oat (Avena sativa L.)-wheat systemse0
- Setting
- Experiment Ie3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“legume-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotations were compared to oat (Avena sativa L.)-wheat systems”
e3“Rotations with lupine (Lupinus spp.) and field peas (Pisum sativum L.) showed high NUE and NUpE in Experiment I, and Experiment II in pea”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest NUE was found after oats with N fertilizers.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- oats with N fertilizerse4
- Outcome
- NUEe4
- Direction
- loweste4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“legume-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotations were compared to oat (Avena sativa L.)-wheat systems”
e4“The lowest NUE was after oats with N fertilizers”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat after grain legumes or green manure was more efficient in N uptake and use than after cereal, especially when the cereal was fertilized.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume5
- Treatment
- after grain legumes or green manuree5
- Outcome
- N uptake and usee5
- Direction
- more efficiente5
- Qualifier
- especially when the latter was fertilizede5
- Comparator
- cereale5
- Setting
- both agro-ecological arease5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“wheat cultivated in both agro-ecological areas after grain legumes or green manure was more efficient in N uptake and use than cereal, especially when the latter was fertilized”
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