Abstract
Studies were conducted with field grown wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) with and without supplemental nitrogen to determine if nitrate reductase activity could be correlated with water soluble leaf protein, grain and grain protein (% and total) production. Nitrate reductase activity, nitrate, and water soluble leaf protein were determined at intervals throughout the life cycle of ‘Ponca’ and ‘Monon’ hard and soft red winter wheats, respectively. The major conclusions are, (a) nitrate content of the tissue was a major factor in controlling the level of enzyme activity; (b) nitrate reductase activity was related, though not numerically, to leaf protein content; (c) induction of nitrate reductase on a field scale, was achieved by supplemental nitrogen; (d) increased enzyme activity from supplemental nitrogen treatments was associated with increases in gram protein (% or total); (e) a significant correlation was found between the spring seasonal total of nitrate reductase activity (units of nitrogen reduced per hectare) and grain protein (kg/h) for both varieties; (f) this correlation is valid only for a specified genotype as Ponca required a higher level of enzyme activity to accumulate a unit of grain protein than Monon and (g) this observation suggests that Monon is more efficient in transporting reduced nitrogen from the vegetation to the grain than Ponca. Thirty‐two hard and soft red winter wheat varieties grown in a field nursery with low nitrogen fertility were evaluated for nitrate reductase activity; nitrate and water soluble leaf protein, grain and grain protein (kg/h) production. Average values of enzyme activity obtained from three fall and three spring samplings showed little variation among genotypes and no correlation with grain or grain protein production. However, selection of 16 of the varieties exhibiting highest nitrate reductase activity on November 12, when nitrate was in adequate supply, would have included 9 of the 13 varieties which ultimately produced significantly higher grain protein (kg/h).
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate content of the wheat tissue was a major factor controlling the level of nitrate reductase activity.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
t0“Wheat1”
e0“nitrate content of the tissue was a major factor in controlling the level of enzyme activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate reductase activity was related, though not numerically, to leaf protein content.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
t0“Wheat1”
e0“nitrate reductase activity was related, though not numerically, to leaf protein content”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplemental nitrogen induced nitrate reductase on a field scale compared with no supplemental nitrogen.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat1”
e0“induction of nitrate reductase on a field scale, was achieved by supplemental nitrogen”
e1“with and without supplemental nitrogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased enzyme activity from supplemental nitrogen treatments was associated with increases in grain protein (% or total).
Verbatim
t0“Wheat1”
e0“increased enzyme activity from supplemental nitrogen treatments was associated with increases in gram protein (% or total)”
Claim · model-written summary
The spring seasonal total of nitrate reductase activity correlated significantly with grain protein for both varieties.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
t0“Wheat1”
e0“a significant correlation was found between the spring seasonal total of nitrate reductase activity (units of nitrogen reduced per hectare) and grain protein (kg/h) for both varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Ponca required a higher level of enzyme activity to accumulate a unit of grain protein than Monon.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat1”
e0“Ponca required a higher level of enzyme activity to accumulate a unit of grain protein than Monon”
Claim · model-written summary
The observation suggests that Monon is more efficient than Ponca in transporting reduced nitrogen from the vegetation to the grain.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat1”
e0“Monon is more efficient in transporting reduced nitrogen from the vegetation to the grain than Ponca”
Claim · model-written summary
Among 32 winter wheat varieties in a low-nitrogen nursery, average nitrate reductase activity showed little variation among genotypes.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat1”
e0“Average values of enzyme activity obtained from three fall and three spring samplings showed little variation among genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Average enzyme activity across the 32 varieties showed no correlation with grain or grain protein production.
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorTreatmentComparatorSetting
Verbatim
t0“Wheat1”
e0“no correlation with grain or grain protein production”
Claim · model-written summary
Selecting the 16 varieties with highest nitrate reductase activity on November 12 would have included 9 of the 13 varieties that ultimately produced significantly higher grain protein.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat1”
e0“selection of 16 of the varieties exhibiting highest nitrate reductase activity on November 12, when nitrate was in adequate supply, would have included 9 of the 13 varieties which ultimately produced significantly higher grain protein (kg/h)”