Abstract
Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. cv. Vitasso) plants exposed to 10, 30, 50 and 100 µM of Cd for 5 d in hydroponic culture were analysed with reference to the distribution of Cd2+, the accumulation of biomass and antioxidants and antioxidative enzymes in leaves. Cd induced a decrease in plant biomass. The maximum accumulation of Cd occurred in roots followed by stems and leaves. Cd induced a decrease in catalase (CAT) and guiacol peroxidase (GPX) activities but an increase in ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) activities. Enhancement in dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) activity was also at 10 µM Cd. Glutathione reductase (GR) activity showed pronounced stimulation after all treatments, but glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPOX) activities decreased. The effectiveness of ascorbate-glutathione cycle (AGC) was determined by the ratio of ascorbate to H2O2. This ratio decreased in the Cd-treated leaves which indicated that the cycle was disordered.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Cd exposure decreased plant biomass of Indian mustard.
- Taxon
- Brassica juncea
Brassica junceae1 - Material
- Vitassoe1
- Treatment
- 10, 30, 50 and 100 µM of Cde1
- Outcome
- plant biomasse2
- Direction
- decreasee2
- Setting
- hydroponic culturee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. cv. Vitasso) plants exposed to 10, 30, 50 and 100 µM of Cd for 5 d in hydroponic culture”
e2“Cd induced a decrease in plant biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd accumulated most in roots, followed by stems and leaves, in Indian mustard.
- Taxon
- Brassica junceaBrassica junceae1
- Material
- Vitassoe1
- Organ / stage
- rootse2
- Treatment
- 10, 30, 50 and 100 µM of Cde1
- Outcome
- accumulation of Cde2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. cv. Vitasso) plants exposed to 10, 30, 50 and 100 µM of Cd for 5 d in hydroponic culture”
e2“The maximum accumulation of Cd occurred in roots followed by stems and leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd decreased catalase and guaiacol peroxidase activities in Indian mustard.
- Taxon
- Brassica junceaBrassica junceae1
- Treatment
- Cde2
- Gene
- catalase (CAT) and guiacol peroxidase (GPX)e2
- Outcome
- catalase (CAT) and guiacol peroxidase (GPX) activitiese2
- Direction
- decreasee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. cv. Vitasso) plants exposed to 10, 30, 50 and 100 µM of Cd for 5 d in hydroponic culture”
e2“Cd induced a decrease in catalase (CAT) and guiacol peroxidase (GPX) activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd increased ascorbate peroxidase and monodehydroascorbate reductase activities in Indian mustard.
- Taxon
- Brassica junceaBrassica junceae1
- Material
- Vitassoe1
- Treatment
- 10, 30, 50 and 100 µM of Cde1
- Gene
- ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR)e2
- Outcome
- ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) activitiese2
- Direction
- increasee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. cv. Vitasso) plants exposed to 10, 30, 50 and 100 µM of Cd for 5 d in hydroponic culture”
e2“but an increase in ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd at 10 µM increased dehydroascorbate reductase activity in Indian mustard.
- Taxon
- Brassica junceaBrassica junceae1
- Treatment
- 10 µM Cde2
- Gene
- dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR)e2
- Outcome
- dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) activitye2
- Direction
- Enhancemente2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. cv. Vitasso) plants exposed to 10, 30, 50 and 100 µM of Cd for 5 d in hydroponic culture”
e2“Enhancement in dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) activity was also at 10 µM Cd”
Claim · model-written summary
Glutathione reductase activity in Indian mustard was stimulated after all Cd treatments.
- Taxon
- Brassica junceaBrassica junceae1
- Treatment
- all treatmentse2
- Gene
- Glutathione reductase (GR)e2
- Outcome
- Glutathione reductase (GR) activitye2
- Direction
- pronounced stimulatione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. cv. Vitasso) plants exposed to 10, 30, 50 and 100 µM of Cd for 5 d in hydroponic culture”
e2“Glutathione reductase (GR) activity showed pronounced stimulation after all treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd decreased glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase activities in Indian mustard.
- Taxon
- Brassica junceaBrassica junceae1
- Treatment
- 10, 30, 50 and 100 µM of Cde1
- Gene
- glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPOX)e2
- Outcome
- glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPOX) activitiese2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. cv. Vitasso) plants exposed to 10, 30, 50 and 100 µM of Cd for 5 d in hydroponic culture”
e2“but glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPOX) activities decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd decreased the ascorbate to H2O2 ratio in leaves, indicating a disordered ascorbate-glutathione cycle.
- Taxon
- Brassica junceaBrassica junceae1
- Organ / stage
- leavese2
- Treatment
- Cd-treatede2
- Outcome
- ratio of ascorbate to H2O2e3
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Qualifier
- indicated that the cycle was disorderede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. cv. Vitasso) plants exposed to 10, 30, 50 and 100 µM of Cd for 5 d in hydroponic culture”
e2“This ratio decreased in the Cd-treated leaves which indicated that the cycle was disordered”
e3“The effectiveness of ascorbate-glutathione cycle (AGC) was determined by the ratio of ascorbate to H2O2”
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