Paper · 1957 · Soil Science Society of America Journal

Green Manuring and Crop Residue Management in Rice Production

W. A. Williams; D. C. Finfrock; L. L. Davis; et al.

5
claims
7
verbatim quotes
6
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Abstract A series of field experiments were conducted to determine the nature of the effects of green manures and rice crop residue management on lowland rice production. Winter leguminous green manure was determined to be an inexpensive, efficient source of nitrogen which fits in well with continuous rice culture in the Mediterranean type climate of California. The marked response of rice to leguminous green manure was duplicated, for the most part, by inorganic nitrogen applications when properly placed in the reducing zone of the rice soil. Leguminous green manure served to add nitrogen to the highly carbonaceous rice crop residues. This permits decomposition to proceed without tying‐up nitrogen needed by the subsequent crop, and provides a satisfactory alternative to the deleterious practice of burning the residues.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 5

Observationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Winter leguminous green manure was an inexpensive efficient nitrogen source compatible with continuous rice culture in California.

Treatment
Winter leguminous green manuree0
Outcome
inexpensive, efficient source of nitrogene0
Setting
Californiae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Winter leguminous green manure was determined to be an inexpensive, efficient source of nitrogen which fits in well with continuous rice culture in the Mediterranean type climate of California”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 171–363 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Properly placed inorganic nitrogen largely duplicated the rice response to leguminous green manure.

Treatment
inorganic nitrogen applicationse0
Outcome
response of ricee0
Direction
duplicatede0
Qualifier
for the most parte0
Comparator
leguminous green manuree0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The marked response of rice to leguminous green manure was duplicated, for the most part, by inorganic nitrogen applications when properly placed in the reducing zone of the rice soil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 365–548 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Leguminous green manure added nitrogen to carbonaceous rice residues.

Treatment
Leguminous green manuree0
Outcome
nitrogen to the highly carbonaceous rice crop residuese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Leguminous green manure served to add nitrogen to the highly carbonaceous rice crop residues”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 550–642 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding green manure allowed rice residues to decompose without immobilizing nitrogen needed by the next crop.

Treatment
Leguminous green manuree1
Outcome
decomposition to proceed without tying‐up nitrogene0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“This permits decomposition to proceed without tying‐up nitrogen needed by the subsequent crop”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 644–737 · show in text ↑
e1

“Leguminous green manure served to add nitrogen to the highly carbonaceous rice crop residues”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 550–642 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Green manure offers an alternative to burning rice residues.

Outcome
satisfactory alternative to the deleterious practice of burning the residuese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“provides a satisfactory alternative to the deleterious practice of burning the residues”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 743–830 · show in text ↑
e1

“Leguminous green manure served to add nitrogen to the highly carbonaceous rice crop residues”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 550–642 · show in text ↑

nitrogen · organism · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

61 papers: 45 positive, 16 negative or no effect

44 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

57 papers more in this group

See all 61 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.