Abstract
Plant-pathogen interaction induces a complex host response that coordinates various signaling pathways through multiple signal molecules. Besides the well-documented signal molecules salicylic acid (SA), ethylene and jasmonic acid, auxin is emerging as an important player in this response. We recently characterized an Arabidopsis activation-tagged mutant, bud1, in which the expression of the MAP kinase kinase 7 (AtMKK7) gene is increased. The bud1 mutant plants accumulate elevated levels of SA and display constitutive pathogenesis-related (PR) gene expression and enhanced resistance to pathogens. Additionally, increased expression of AtMKK7 in the bud1 mutant causes deficiency in polar auxin transport, indicating that AtMKK7 negatively regulates auxin signaling. Based on these results, we hypothesized that AtMKK7 may serve as a crosstalk point between auxin signaling and defense responses. Here we show that increased expression of AtMKK7 in bud1 results in a significant reduction in free auxin (indole-3-acetic acid) levels in the mutant plants. We propose three possible mechanisms to explain how AtMKK7 coordinates the growth hormone auxin and the defense signal molecule SA in the bud1 mutant plants. We suggest that AtMKK7 may play a role in cell death and propose that AtMPK3 and AtMPK6 may function downstream of AtMKK7.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The bud1 mutant accumulated elevated salicylic acid.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Material
- bud1 mutante0
- Outcome
- levels of SAe0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The bud1 mutant plants accumulate elevated levels of SA”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
The bud1 mutant showed constitutive pathogenesis related gene expression.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Outcome
- pathogenesis-related (PR) gene expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“display constitutive pathogenesis-related (PR) gene expression”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
The bud1 mutant showed enhanced pathogen resistance.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Outcome
- resistance to pathogense0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced resistance to pathogens”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
AtMKK7 expression increased in the bud1 mutant.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- MAP kinase kinase 7 (AtMKK7)e0
- Outcome
- expression of the MAP kinase kinase 7 (AtMKK7) genee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression of the MAP kinase kinase 7 (AtMKK7) gene is increased”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased AtMKK7 expression caused deficient polar auxin transport.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- bud1 mutante0
- Gene
- AtMKK7e0
- Outcome
- polar auxin transporte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased expression of AtMKK7 in the bud1 mutant causes deficiency in polar auxin transport”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased AtMKK7 expression significantly reduced free auxin levels in bud1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- bud1e0
- Gene
- AtMKK7e0
- Outcome
- free auxin (indole-3-acetic acid) levelse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased expression of AtMKK7 in bud1 results in a significant reduction in free auxin (indole-3-acetic acid) levels in the mutant plants”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
AtMKK7 may serve as a cross talk point between auxin signaling and defense.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- AtMKK7e0
- Outcome
- defense responsese0
- Qualifier
- auxin signalinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AtMKK7 may serve as a crosstalk point between auxin signaling and defense responses”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
AtMKK7 may play a role in cell death.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- AtMKK7e0
- Outcome
- cell deathe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AtMKK7 may play a role in cell death”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
AtMPK3 and AtMPK6 may function downstream of AtMKK7.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- AtMPK3 and AtMPK6e0
- Outcome
- function downstream of AtMKK7e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AtMPK3 and AtMPK6 may function downstream of AtMKK7”
t0“Arabidopsis”