Abstract
White clover (Trifolium repens L.) living mulch, a cover crop cultivation system, has been shown to improve phosphorus (P) nutrition and increase the yield and arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization rate of the main crop without inoculation of fungi. However, it remains unclear whether the P uptake of corn (Zea mays L.) in living mulch is promoted directly by arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization. We performed a pot experiment to test the hypothesis that living mulch increases the P uptake of corn by promoting arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization. The experimental design was a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement using fungicide treatment (fungicide application or no fungicide application) and cropping system (living mulch or no mulch). The fungicide dazomet was used to inhibit arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization. Without fungicide application, the P concentration and dry weight of the corn shoots were greater in the living mulch than in the no mulch treatment, indicating that living mulch improved the P nutrition and growth of corn. Fungicide application in living mulch, however, decreased the P concentration, dry weight of corn shoots, and arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization compared with no fungicide application. These results suggest that living mulch increases the P uptake of the main crop by promoting arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization by indigenous fungi.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Without fungicide, living mulch increased corn shoot phosphorus concentration and dry weight relative to no mulch.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- living mulche0
- Outcome
- P concentration and dry weight of the corn shootse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- Without fungicide applicatione0
- Comparator
- no mulch treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Without fungicide application, the P concentration and dry weight of the corn shoots were greater in the living mulch than in the no mulch treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide in living mulch decreased corn shoot phosphorus concentration and dry weight.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Fungicide application in living mulche0
- Outcome
- P concentration, dry weight of corn shootse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- no fungicide applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fungicide application in living mulch, however, decreased the P concentration, dry weight of corn shoots, and arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization compared with no fungicide application”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide in living mulch decreased arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Fungicide application in living mulche0
- Outcome
- arbuscular mycorrhizal colonizatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- no fungicide applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fungicide application in living mulch, however, decreased the P concentration, dry weight of corn shoots, and arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization compared with no fungicide application”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer living mulch improves crop phosphorus uptake through indigenous fungal colonization.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- living mulche0
- Interactor
- indigenous fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- P uptakee0
- Direction
- increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“living mulch increases the P uptake of the main crop by promoting arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization by indigenous fungi”
t0“corn”
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