Abstract
Management decisions affecting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield include nitrogen (N) fertility rate, cultivar selection, and fungicide application. Since these cultural practices may interact with each other and the environment, often times affecting grain yield, test weight, and disease development, they need to be better defined for wheat production in for the Gulf Coast region. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of N rate, fungicide, and cultivar on grain yield, test weight, and disease development. Three N rates (67, 101, and 134 kg·ha-1), two fungicide treatments (no-fungicide control and fungicide), and four high-yielding wheat cultivars with different levels of resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia recondite Rob. ex f. sp. tritici) were evaluated in 12 Louisiana field environments. Environment and interaction between environment and N rate, fungicide, and cultivar were significant for grain yield, leaf rust ratings, and test weight. Grain yield response to N rate was linear in five environments and quadratic in five environments. Although there was little evidence of a N x fungicide interaction for grain yield, increasing N rates increased leaf rust severity. Grain yields were increased by fungicide application in only four of twelve environments with a significant cultivar x fungicide interaction for grain yield. Grain yield increase from foliar fungicides was related to leaf rust severity and resistance of cultivars to leaf rust. Test weight was increased due to N in three environments and decreased in two environments. Test weight increased with fungicide application and varied among cultivars. The findings indicate that 101 kg N ha is probably adequate for maximum yield in most years. Although the higher N rates may increase yield in some years, disease pressure and the need for fungicides may also be increased.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Environment interactions with nitrogen rate, fungicide, and cultivar were significant for grain yield, leaf rust ratings, and test weight.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Interactor
- leaf ruste0pathogen
- Outcome
- grain yield, leaf rust ratings, and test weighte0
- Setting
- environmente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Environment and interaction between environment and N rate, fungicide, and cultivar were significant for grain yield, leaf rust ratings, and test weight”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield response to nitrogen rate was linear in five environments.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N ratee0
- Outcome
- Grain yield responsee0
- Value
- five environmentse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield response to N rate was linear in five environments”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield response to nitrogen rate was quadratic in five environments.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N ratee0
- Outcome
- Grain yield responsee0
- Value
- five environmentse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield response to N rate was linear in five environments and quadratic in five environments”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
There was little evidence of an N by fungicide interaction for grain yield.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N x fungicidee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was little evidence of a N x fungicide interaction for grain yield”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen rates increased leaf rust severity.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N ratese0
- Interactor
- Puccinia recondite Rob. ex f. sp. triticie1pathogen
- Outcome
- leaf rust severitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing N rates increased leaf rust severity”
e1“leaf rust (Puccinia recondite Rob. ex f. sp. tritici)”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide increased grain yield in four of twelve environments.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- fungicide applicatione0
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- four of twelve environmentse0
- Comparator
- no-fungicide controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields were increased by fungicide application in only four of twelve environments”
e1“no-fungicide control and fungicide”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar and fungicide interacted significantly for grain yield.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- cultivare0
- Treatment
- fungicidee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant cultivar x fungicide interaction for grain yield”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield gains from foliar fungicides were related to leaf rust severity and cultivar resistance.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- foliar fungicidese0
- Interactor
- Puccinia recondite Rob. ex f. sp. triticie1pathogen
- Outcome
- Grain yield increasee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield increase from foliar fungicides was related to leaf rust severity and resistance of cultivars to leaf rust”
e1“leaf rust (Puccinia recondite Rob. ex f. sp. tritici)”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen increased test weight in three environments.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ne0
- Outcome
- Test weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- three environmentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Test weight was increased due to N in three environments”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen decreased test weight in two environments.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ne0
- Outcome
- Test weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- two environmentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Test weight was increased due to N in three environments and decreased in two environments”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide application increased test weight.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- fungicide applicatione0
- Outcome
- Test weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- no-fungicide controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Test weight increased with fungicide application”
e1“no-fungicide control and fungicide”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Test weight varied among cultivars.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- cultivarse0
- Outcome
- Test weighte0
- Direction
- variede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Test weight increased with fungicide application and varied among cultivars”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors consider 101 kg N ha probably adequate for maximum yield in most years.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- 101 kg N ha is probably adequate for maximum yield in most yearse0
- Value
- 101 kg N hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“101 kg N ha is probably adequate for maximum yield in most years”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors caution that higher nitrogen rates may increase yield in some years but also disease pressure and fungicide need.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- disease pressure and the need for fungicidese0
- Qualifier
- higher N rates may increase yield in some yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher N rates may increase yield in some years, disease pressure and the need for fungicides may also be increased”
t0“winter wheat”
The same questions in other papers
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- no effect
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See all 262 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.