Abstract
Abstract ‘Dayton’ barley is significantly more tolerant to excess Al in acid soils and nutrient solutions than is ‘Kearney’ barley; however, the physiological or biochemical mechanisms of such differential tolerance have not been clearly established. One hypothesis is that Al‐tolerant plants contain and exude organic acids or other ligands that form stable chelates with Al and thereby reduce its chemical activity and toxicity. The objective of our study was to determine the effects of Al on concentrations of organic acids in the roots of Al‐tolerant Dayton and Al‐sensitive Kearney barley cultivars. Plants were grown for 17 days in nutrient solutions containing 0, 55 and 110 μM Al (initial pH 4.5), and their roots were analyzed for organic acids by high performance liquid chromatography. Aluminum stress significantly reduced concentrations of citric, succinic and total organic acids in the roots of Al‐sensitive Kearney barley but not in those of Al‐tolerant Dayton. Aluminum decreased concentrations of levulinic acid much more than citric acid, and to a much greater degree in Kearney than in Dayton. Hence, in the presence of Al, organic acids in the roots of the Al‐tolerant Dayton cultivar were protected from destruction, or the production of these acids was maintained more effectively than in the Al‐sensitive Kearney. Further study is needed on the distribution and chemical states of Al in plants to assess the possible role of Al‐organic acid chelation in differential Al tolerance. ZMention of a trademark or proprietory product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of this product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that also may be suitable.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Dayton barley was significantly more aluminum tolerant than Kearney.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Material
- ‘Dayton’e0
- Outcome
- tolerant to excess Ale0
- Direction
- more tolerante0
- Comparator
- ‘Kearney’ barleye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“‘Dayton’ barley is significantly more tolerant to excess Al in acid soils and nutrient solutions than is ‘Kearney’ barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminum significantly reduced citric, succinic and total organic acids in Kearney roots.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Material
- Kearneye0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- Aluminum stresse0
- Outcome
- concentrations of citric, succinic and total organic acidse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aluminum stress significantly reduced concentrations of citric, succinic and total organic acids in the roots of Al‐sensitive Kearney barley but not in those of Al‐tolerant Dayton”
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminum did not significantly reduce those organic acids in Dayton roots.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Material
- Daytone0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- Aluminum stresse0
- Outcome
- concentrations of citric, succinic and total organic acidse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aluminum stress significantly reduced concentrations of citric, succinic and total organic acids in the roots of Al‐sensitive Kearney barley but not in those of Al‐tolerant Dayton”
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminum decreased levulinic acid more than citric acid.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- rootst0
- Treatment
- Aluminume0
- Outcome
- concentrations of levulinic acide0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- citric acide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aluminum decreased concentrations of levulinic acid much more than citric acid”
t0“barley cultivars related to organic acids in their roots”
Claim · model-written summary
The aluminum-associated decline in levulinic acid was greater in Kearney than Dayton.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Kearneye0
- Treatment
- Aluminume0
- Outcome
- concentrations of levulinic acide0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- Daytone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aluminum decreased concentrations of levulinic acid much more than citric acid, and to a much greater degree in Kearney than in Dayton”
t0“barley”
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