Abstract
Abstract Variability in soil properties is a complication for fertilization, irrigation, and amendment application. However, only limited progress has been made in managing soil variability for uniform productivity and increased water‐use efficiency. This study was designed to ameliorate the poor‐productivity areas of the variable sandy soils in Florida citrus groves by using frequent small irrigations and applying organic and inorganic soil amendments. Two greenhouse experiments were set up with sorghum and radish as bioassay crops in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The factors studied were two soil‐productivity classes (very poor and very good), two water contents (50% and 100% of field capacity), two amendments (phosphatic clay and Fe humate), and two amendment rates (10 and 25 g kg –1 for sorghum and 50 and 100 g kg –1 for radish). Amendments applied at 50 and 100 g kg –1 increased the water‐holding capacity (WHC) of poor soil by 2‐ to 6‐fold, respectively. The lower rates (10 and 25 g kg –1 ) of amendments were not effective in enhancing sorghum growth. The higher rates (50 and 100 g kg –1 ) doubled the radish growth as compared to the control. The results indicate that rates greater than 50 g kg –1 of both amendments were effective in improving water retention and increasing productivity. Irrigation treatment of 100% of field capacity (FC) increased the sorghum and radish growth by about 2‐fold as compared with the 50%–water content treatment. The results suggest that the root‐zone water content should be maintained near FC by frequent small irrigations to enhance water availability in excessively drained sandy soils. In addition, application of soil amendments in the root zone can enhance the water retention of these soils. Furthermore, managing variable sandy soils with WHC‐based irrigation can increase water uptake and crop production in the poor areas of the grove.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Amendments at 50 and 100 g/kg increased the water-holding capacity of poor sandy soil by 2 to 6-fold.
- Treatment
- Amendments applied at 50 and 100 g kg –1e1
- Outcome
- water‐holding capacity (WHC)e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 2‐ to 6‐folde1
- Comparator
- poor soile1
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e1“Amendments applied at 50 and 100 g kg –1 increased the water‐holding capacity (WHC) of poor soil by 2‐ to 6‐fold, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The lower amendment rates of 10 and 25 g/kg were not effective in enhancing sorghum growth.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The lower rates (10 and 25 g kg –1 ) of amendments were not effective in enhancing sorghum growth”
Claim · model-written summary
The higher amendment rates of 50 and 100 g/kg doubled radish growth compared with the control.
- Taxon
- radish
Raphanus sativuse3 - Treatment
- higher ratese3
- Outcome
- radish growthe3
- Direction
- doublede3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The higher rates (50 and 100 g kg –1 ) doubled the radish growth as compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Amendment rates greater than 50 g/kg were effective in improving water retention and increasing productivity of sorghum and radish.
- Taxon
- sorghum and radishRaphanus sativus
Sorghume7 - Treatment
- rates greater than 50 g kg –1 of both amendmentse4
- Outcome
- productivitye4
- Direction
- increasinge4
- Qualifier
- improving water retentione4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Two greenhouse experiments were set up with sorghum and radish as bioassay crops”
e4“The results indicate that rates greater than 50 g kg –1 of both amendments were effective in improving water retention and increasing productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
A 100% field capacity irrigation increased sorghum and radish growth about 2-fold compared with 50% water content.
- Taxon
- sorghum and radishRaphanus sativusSorghume5
- Treatment
- Irrigation treatment of 100% of field capacity (FC)e5
- Outcome
- sorghum and radish growthe5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- about 2‐folde5
- Comparator
- 50%–water content treatmente5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Irrigation treatment of 100% of field capacity (FC) increased the sorghum and radish growth by about 2‐fold as compared with the 50%–water content treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The root-zone water content should be maintained near field capacity by frequent small irrigations.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e6“The results suggest that the root‐zone water content should be maintained near FC by frequent small irrigations”
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