Abstract
Abstract Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) responds well to green manure‐N under flooded conditions, but more quantitative data are needed for comparisons to inorganic N. This study compared the effects of vetch ( Vicia benghalensis L.) and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 on patterns of N availability and plant uptake, applied‐N recovery at harvest, and grain yield in flooded rice culture. The sources were incorporated in a Clear Lake clay (Typic Pelloxerert) in factorial combination of 60 kg N/ha increments up to a maximum rate of 180 kg N/ha. Grain yields were determined in plots of 18.9 m 2 while N balance was assayed in microplots (0.27 m 2 ) treated with 15 N‐labeled materials. Ammonium sulfate was more effective in raising extractable‐N concentrations early in the growing season and made a greater contribution to plant N status throughout the season. There was no evidence that vetch extended the period of N availability to plants. Grain yields were highly dependent on N uptake; they maximized at 10.1 Mg/ha with 120 kg N/ha as (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 but responded linearly to vetch up to 8.4 Mg/ha with the highest rate of addition. Ammonium sulfate effected greater labeled‐N recovery (19% across rates) and apparent N recovery (55.6%) by plants than vetch (10.1 and 27.9%, respectively). More vetch‐N was recovered in the soil at harvest; total recoveries were, therefore, not significantly different between N sources. The rate of green manure‐N mineralization early in the growing season appears to be the limiting factor in comparison to inorganic N.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium sulfate raised extractable nitrogen early in the season more effectively than vetch.
- Taxon
- Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)
Oryza sativae2 - Treatment
- Ammonium sulfatee0
- Outcome
- extractable‐N concentrationse0
- Direction
- raisinge0
- Comparator
- vetche1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ammonium sulfate was more effective in raising extractable‐N concentrations early in the growing season”
e1“vetch ( Vicia benghalensis L.) and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4”
e2“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium sulfate contributed more to rice nitrogen status throughout the season.
- Taxon
- Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae2
- Treatment
- Ammonium sulfatee0
- Outcome
- plant N statuse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- vetche1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ammonium sulfate was more effective in raising extractable‐N concentrations early in the growing season and made a greater contribution to plant N status throughout the season.”
e1“vetch ( Vicia benghalensis L.) and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4”
e2“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
There was no evidence that vetch prolonged nitrogen availability to rice.
- Taxon
- Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae1
- Treatment
- vetche0
- Outcome
- period of N availability to plantse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no evidence that vetch extended the period of N availability to plants.”
e1“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice grain yield depended strongly on nitrogen uptake.
- Taxon
- Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae1
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse0
- Qualifier
- N uptakee0
Not reportedSettingDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields were highly dependent on N uptake”
e1“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice grain yield reached 10.1 Mg/ha with 120 kg N/ha as ammonium sulfate.
- Taxon
- Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae2
- Treatment
- 120 kg N/ha as (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4e0
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse1
- Direction
- maximizede0
- Value
- 10.1 Mg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they maximized at 10.1 Mg/ha with 120 kg N/ha as (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4”
e1“Grain yields were highly dependent on N uptake”
e2“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice grain yield rose linearly with vetch to 8.4 Mg/ha at the highest application rate.
- Taxon
- Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae2
- Treatment
- vetche0
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse1
- Direction
- responded linearlye0
- Value
- 8.4 Mg/hae0
- Qualifier
- highest rate of additione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“responded linearly to vetch up to 8.4 Mg/ha with the highest rate of addition”
e1“Grain yields were highly dependent on N uptake”
e2“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium sulfate yielded greater labeled nitrogen recovery by rice than vetch, 19% versus 10.1%.
- Taxon
- Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Ammonium sulfatee0
- Outcome
- labeled‐N recoverye0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 19%e0
- Qualifier
- 10.1e0
- Comparator
- vetche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ammonium sulfate effected greater labeled‐N recovery (19% across rates) and apparent N recovery (55.6%) by plants than vetch (10.1 and 27.9%, respectively).”
e1“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium sulfate yielded greater apparent nitrogen recovery by rice than vetch, 55.6% versus 27.9%.
- Taxon
- Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Ammonium sulfatee0
- Outcome
- apparent N recoverye0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 55.6%e0
- Qualifier
- 27.9%e0
- Comparator
- vetche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ammonium sulfate effected greater labeled‐N recovery (19% across rates) and apparent N recovery (55.6%) by plants than vetch (10.1 and 27.9%, respectively).”
e1“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
More vetch nitrogen remained in soil at harvest than nitrogen from ammonium sulfate.
- Taxon
- Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae2
- Treatment
- vetch‐Ne0
- Outcome
- vetch‐N was recovered in the soile0
- Direction
- Moree0
- Comparator
- Ammonium sulfatee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More vetch‐N was recovered in the soil at harvest”
e1“Ammonium sulfate effected greater labeled‐N recovery”
e2“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Total nitrogen recoveries did not differ significantly between sources.
- Taxon
- Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae2
- Treatment
- vetche1
- Outcome
- total recoveriese0
- Comparator
- (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total recoveries were, therefore, not significantly different between N sources.”
e1“vetch ( Vicia benghalensis L.) and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4”
e2“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Early green manure nitrogen mineralization appears to limit its performance compared with inorganic nitrogen.
- Taxon
- Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae1
- Outcome
- limiting factore0
- Qualifier
- rate of green manure‐N mineralization early in the growing seasone0
- Comparator
- inorganic Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rate of green manure‐N mineralization early in the growing season appears to be the limiting factor in comparison to inorganic N.”
e1“Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)”
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See all 2,045 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.