Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the staple food for more than 50% world population and nitrogen (N) is one of the most yield-limiting nutrients for rice production worldwide. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of three N sources for lowland rice production. The N sources used were ammonium sulfate, common urea, and polymer-coated urea. There were three N rates, i.e. 100, 200, and 400 mg N kg−1 applied with three sources plus one control treatment (0 mg N kg−1). Growth, yield, and yield components were significantly increased either in a linear or quadratic fashion with the addition of N fertilizers in the range of 0–400 mg kg−1 soil. Maximum grain yield was obtained with the addition of ammonium sulfate at 100, 200, and 400 mg kg−1 of soil. Common urea and polymer-coated urea were more or less similar in grain production at 100 and 200 mg N kg−1. However, at 400 mg N kg−1 treatments, polymer-coated urea produced the lowest grain yield. Most of the growth and yield components were positively related to grain yield, except spikelet sterility which was negatively related to grain yield. Nitrogen use efficiency decreased with increasing N rate in all the three N sources. Maximum N use efficiency was obtained with the addition of ammonium sulfate at lower as well as at higher N rates compared with other two N sources.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased growth, yield and yield components over 0–400 mg kg−1 soil.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- N fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Growth, yield, and yield componentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 0–400 mg kg−1 soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Growth, yield, and yield components were significantly increased either in a linear or quadratic fashion with the addition of N fertilizers in the range of 0–400 mg kg−1 soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium sulfate gave maximum grain yield at all three tested rates.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- ammonium sulfatee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Qualifier
- 100, 200, and 400 mg kg−1 of soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Maximum grain yield was obtained with the addition of ammonium sulfate at 100, 200, and 400 mg kg−1 of soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Common urea and polymer-coated urea produced similar grain yields at 100 and 200 mg N kg−1.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Common ureae0
- Outcome
- grain productione0
- Direction
- more or less similare0
- Qualifier
- 100 and 200 mg N kg−1e0
- Comparator
- polymer-coated ureae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Common urea and polymer-coated urea were more or less similar in grain production at 100 and 200 mg N kg−1”
Claim · model-written summary
At 400 mg N kg−1 polymer-coated urea produced the lowest grain yield.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- polymer-coated ureae0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Qualifier
- 400 mg N kg−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“at 400 mg N kg−1 treatments, polymer-coated urea produced the lowest grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Most growth and yield components were positively related to grain yield.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- growth and yield componentse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- positively relatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Most of the growth and yield components were positively related to grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Spikelet sterility was negatively related to grain yield.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- spikelete0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- negatively relatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“spikelet sterility which was negatively related to grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen use efficiency declined as N rate increased for all three sources.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- N ratee0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen use efficiencye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Nitrogen use efficiency decreased with increasing N rate in all the three N sources”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium sulfate provided maximum nitrogen use efficiency at low and high rates relative to the other sources.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- ammonium sulfatee0
- Outcome
- N use efficiencye0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Comparator
- other two N sourcese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Maximum N use efficiency was obtained with the addition of ammonium sulfate at lower as well as at higher N rates compared with other two N sources”
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