Abstract
The present study was performed to determine the best combination of some growth regulators for the in vitro germination of isolated embryos in newly harvested and aged almond seeds (stored for 1, 2, and 3 years) without cold treatment. Almond seeds were placed into perforated plastic bags and stored in a room at 1°C for 1, 2 and 3 years between 2004 and 2006. 0, 1, 2 and 3 year-old almond seeds (with shell) were sown in perlite and stratified at 4°C for 60 days in a dark room. After stratification, almond seeds were germinated at 25°C with a 16-h photoperiod. The germination percentages of almond seeds stored up to 3 years were between 86.7% and 42.7%. To determine the best combination of some growth regulators for seeds and embryo germination, only newly harvested seeds were used. Seeds with/without testa did not germinate on MS medium containing different concentrations of BAP and GA3 without cold treatment. The maximum embryo germination percentage was obtained from the media supplemented with 2.22 μM BAP+8.7 μM GA3 (85%), 4.44 μM BAP+8.7 μM GA3 (75%) and 2.22 μM BAP+2.9 μM GA3 (70%). The embryos of stored almond seeds germinated on MS medium containing either 2.22 μM BAP+8.7 μM GA3 or 4.44 μM BAP+8.7 μM GA3 without cold treatment.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Almond seed germination after up to three years of storage ranged from 86.7% to 42.7%.
- Taxon
- almond
Prunus dulcise0 - Outcome
- germination percentagese0
- Value
- 86.7% and 42.7%e0
- Qualifier
- stored up to 3 yearse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The germination percentages of almond seeds stored up to 3 years were between 86.7% and 42.7%”
Claim · model-written summary
Almond seeds with or without testa failed to germinate on BAP and GA3 media without cold treatment.
- Taxon
- almondPrunus dulcist0
- Treatment
- MS medium containing different concentrations of BAP and GA3 without cold treatmente0
- Outcome
- Seeds with/without testa did not germinatee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seeds with/without testa did not germinate on MS medium containing different concentrations of BAP and GA3 without cold treatment”
t0“almond”
Claim · model-written summary
The 2.22 μM BAP plus 8.7 μM GA3 medium gave maximum embryo germination of 85%.
- Taxon
- almondPrunus dulcist0
- Treatment
- 2.22 μM BAP+8.7 μM GA3e0
- Outcome
- embryo germination percentagee0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 85%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum embryo germination percentage was obtained from the media supplemented with 2.22 μM BAP+8.7 μM GA3 (85%)”
t0“almond”
Claim · model-written summary
The 4.44 μM BAP plus 8.7 μM GA3 medium yielded 75% embryo germination.
- Taxon
- almondPrunus dulcist0
- Treatment
- 4.44 μM BAP+8.7 μM GA3e0
- Outcome
- 4.44 μM BAP+8.7 μM GA3e0
- Value
- 75%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“4.44 μM BAP+8.7 μM GA3 (75%)”
t0“almond”
Claim · model-written summary
The 2.22 μM BAP plus 2.9 μM GA3 medium yielded 70% embryo germination.
- Taxon
- almondPrunus dulcist0
- Treatment
- 2.22 μM BAP+2.9 μM GA3e0
- Outcome
- 2.22 μM BAP+2.9 μM GA3e0
- Value
- 70%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2.22 μM BAP+2.9 μM GA3 (70%)”
t0“almond”
Claim · model-written summary
Stored almond embryos germinated without cold treatment on either stated BAP and GA3 medium.
- Taxon
- almondPrunus dulcise0
- Treatment
- MS medium containing either 2.22 μM BAP+8.7 μM GA3 or 4.44 μM BAP+8.7 μM GA3 without cold treatmente0
- Outcome
- embryos of stored almond seeds germinatede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The embryos of stored almond seeds germinated on MS medium containing either 2.22 μM BAP+8.7 μM GA3 or 4.44 μM BAP+8.7 μM GA3 without cold treatment”
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