Abstract
Abstract Nitrogen utilization by corn ( Zea mays L.) is influenced by the form of inorganic N present in the root zone. A field experiment was conducted on Enon sandy loam (fine, mixed, thermic Ultic Hapludalf) to determine N use efficiency and its partitioning in various plant parts of corn. Ammonium nitrate labeled either as 15 NH 4 ‐N or 15 NO 3 ‐N and applied at 50, 100, or 200 kg N ha −1 was evaluated. Microplots (1.06 m 2 ) were established in the main N plots for 15 N fertilizer application, and main plots were used to determine grain yield. After the crop harvest, soil N alone, fertilizer N used by the crop, and fertilizer N remaining in inorganic and organic forms in the top 75 cm of the soil were measured. Grain yield response to N application was significant ( P < 0.01). Recovery of applied fertilizer N in corn and weeds ranged from 43 to 57% and 3 to 5%, respectively. Nitrogen sources showed no significant differences with respect to N accumulation in corn. Only 17 to 20% of the fertilizer N was recovered in the grain. The amounts of soil N utilized by the corn was about three‐to sixfold higher than the fertilizer N, suggesting extensive turnover of soil and fertilizer N through immobilization and mineralization. More N was recovered (21–63% of added N) in the soil from 15 NH 4 than from 15 NO 3 (6–38%). Loss of N (unaccounted for) ranged from 11 to 18% at 100 kg N ha −1 and from 34 to 48% at 200 kg N ha −1 . Nitrogen loss was higher in the plots receiving 15 NO 3 than 15 NH 4 . Most of the fertilizer N remaining in the soil at the end of the growing season was in the organic fraction, suggesting immobilization into microbial and root biomass.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application significantly increased grain yield.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- N applicatione0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield response to N application was significant ( P < 0.01)”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn recovered 43 to 57% of applied fertilizer N.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- Recovery of applied fertilizer Ne0
- Value
- 43 to 57%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Recovery of applied fertilizer N in corn and weeds ranged from 43 to 57% and 3 to 5%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Weeds recovered 3 to 5% of applied fertilizer N.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- Recovery of applied fertilizer N in corn and weedse0
- Value
- 3 to 5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Recovery of applied fertilizer N in corn and weeds ranged from 43 to 57% and 3 to 5%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen sources did not differ significantly in corn N accumulation.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen sourcese0
- Outcome
- N accumulatione0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen sources showed no significant differences with respect to N accumulation in corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain held 17 to 20% of fertilizer N.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- fertilizer N was recovered in the graine0
- Value
- 17 to 20%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only 17 to 20% of the fertilizer N was recovered in the grain”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn used about three to six times more soil N than fertilizer N.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- soil N utilizede0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- three‐to sixfolde0
- Comparator
- fertilizer Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The amounts of soil N utilized by the corn was about three‐to sixfold higher than the fertilizer N”
Claim · model-written summary
More added N remained in soil from labeled ammonium than labeled nitrate.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- N was recoverede0
- Direction
- Moree0
- Value
- 21–63% of added Ne0
- Qualifier
- 6–38%e0
- Comparator
- 15 NO 3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More N was recovered (21–63% of added N) in the soil from 15 NH 4 than from 15 NO 3 (6–38%)”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Unaccounted N was 11 to 18% at 100 kg N ha−1.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- 100 kg N ha −1e0
- Outcome
- Loss of Ne0
- Value
- 11 to 18%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Loss of N (unaccounted for) ranged from 11 to 18% at 100 kg N ha −1”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Unaccounted N was 34 to 48% at 200 kg N ha−1.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- 200 kg N ha −1e0
- Outcome
- 34 to 48%e0
- Value
- 34 to 48%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“from 34 to 48% at 200 kg N ha −1”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
N loss was higher from labeled nitrate than labeled ammonium.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- 15 NO 3e0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen losse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- 15 NH 4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen loss was higher in the plots receiving 15 NO 3 than 15 NH 4”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Most residual fertilizer N was in the organic soil fraction.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- fertilizer N remaining in the soile0
- Qualifier
- organic fractione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most of the fertilizer N remaining in the soil at the end of the growing season was in the organic fraction”
t0“Corn”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
85 papers in the same direction as this paper · 403 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- positive
485 papers more in this group
See all 489 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.