Abstract
Boot‐stage winter triticale (× Triticosecale rampaui Wittm.) is a popular double‐crop option for dairymen that increases forage production and phosphorus (P) removal in the Pacific Northwest USA. Optimal nitrogen (N) management for forage yield and P removal and a convenient plant assay of N sufficiency for this option are not well established. Thus, the objective was (i) to refine N fertilizer rate and timing and (ii) to evaluate forage crude protein (CP) as a reasonable diagnostic for plant N sufficiency. Irrigated winter triticale in low and compost‐P‐enriched soil was treated with eight N fertilizer treatments: a non‐fertilized control; five fall pre‐plant urea N rates, (60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 lb/acre); and two late‐winter urea N rates (120 and 240 lb/acre). Applied N increased boot‐stage forage biomass, CP, nitrates, and N and P uptake. Compared to late‐winter N, fall pre‐plant N increased boot‐stage forage yield as much as 33% and P uptake as much as 22% in P enriched soil. More N was required for maximizing P removal than was required for maximizing forage production. Forage CP provided a reasonable estimate of plant N sufficiency with 10.0 to 11.0% CP indicating sufficient available N for maximum forage production. In summary, pre‐plant N is preferable to delayed late‐winter topdressed N for maximum boot‐stage triticale forage yield and soil P removal.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Applied nitrogen increased boot-stage forage biomass.
- Taxon
- Triticale
×Triticosecalet0 - Treatment
- Applied Ne0
- Outcome
- boot‐stage forage biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applied N increased boot‐stage forage biomass, CP, nitrates, and N and P uptake.”
t0“Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied nitrogen increased forage crude protein and nitrates.
- Taxon
- Triticale×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- Applied Ne0
- Outcome
- CP, nitratese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applied N increased boot‐stage forage biomass, CP, nitrates, and N and P uptake.”
t0“Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied nitrogen increased nitrogen and phosphorus uptake.
- Taxon
- Triticale×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- Applied Ne0
- Outcome
- N and P uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applied N increased boot‐stage forage biomass, CP, nitrates, and N and P uptake.”
t0“Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall pre-plant nitrogen increased forage yield as much as 33% compared with late-winter nitrogen in P-enriched soil.
- Taxon
- Triticale×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- fall pre‐plant Ne0
- Outcome
- boot‐stage forage yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 33%e0
- Qualifier
- P enriched soile0
- Comparator
- late‐winter Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to late‐winter N, fall pre‐plant N increased boot‐stage forage yield as much as 33% and P uptake as much as 22% in P enriched soil.”
t0“Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall pre-plant nitrogen increased phosphorus uptake as much as 22% compared with late-winter nitrogen in P-enriched soil.
- Taxon
- Triticale×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- fall pre‐plant Ne0
- Outcome
- P uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 22%e0
- Qualifier
- P enriched soile0
- Comparator
- late‐winter Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to late‐winter N, fall pre‐plant N increased boot‐stage forage yield as much as 33% and P uptake as much as 22% in P enriched soil.”
t0“Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximizing phosphorus removal required more nitrogen than maximizing forage production.
- Taxon
- Triticale×Triticosecalet0
- Outcome
- Ne0
- Direction
- Moree0
- Comparator
- maximizing forage productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More N was required for maximizing P removal than was required for maximizing forage production.”
t0“Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
Forage crude protein reasonably estimated nitrogen sufficiency, with 10.0 to 11.0% indicating sufficient nitrogen for maximum production.
- Taxon
- Triticale×Triticosecalet0
- Outcome
- plant N sufficiencye0
- Value
- 10.0 to 11.0% CPe0
- Qualifier
- maximum forage productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forage CP provided a reasonable estimate of plant N sufficiency with 10.0 to 11.0% CP indicating sufficient available N for maximum forage production.”
t0“Triticale”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend pre-plant nitrogen over delayed late-winter topdressing for maximum triticale yield and soil phosphorus removal.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalee0
- Outcome
- pre‐plant Ne0
- Direction
- preferablee0
- Comparator
- delayed late‐winter topdressed Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pre‐plant N is preferable to delayed late‐winter topdressed N for maximum boot‐stage triticale forage yield and soil P removal.”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · yield · x Triticosecale (triticale)Positive and negative results
47 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
50 papers more in this group
See all 54 papers →nitrogen · nutrient: content · x Triticosecale (triticale)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →nitrogen · quality: protein · x Triticosecale (triticale)Results agree
13 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.