Abstract
The seedlings of wheat were treated by salt-stress (SS, molar ratio of NaCl: Na2SO4 = 1: 1) and alkali-stress (AS, molar ratio of NaHCO3: Na2CO3 = 1: 1). Relative growth rate (RGR), leaf area, and water content decreased with increasing salinity, and the extents of the reduction under AS were greater than those under SS. The contents of photosynthetic pigments did not decrease under SS, but increased at low salinity. On the contrary, the contents of photosynthetic pigments decreased sharply under AS with increasing salinity. Under SS, the changes of net photosynthetic rate (P N), stomatal conductance (g s), and transpiration rate (E) were similar and all varied in a single-peak curve with increasing salinity, and they were lower than those of control only at salinity over 150 mM. Under AS, P N, g s, and E decreased sharply with rising salinity. The decrease of g s might cause the obvious decreases of E and intercellular CO2 concentration, and the increase of water use efficiency under both stresses. The Na+ content and Na+/K+ ratio in shoot increased and the K+ content in shoot decreased under both stresses, and the changing extents under AS were greater than those under SS. Thus SS and AS are two distinctive stresses with different characters; the destructive effects of AS on the growth and photosynthesis of wheat are more severe than those under SS. High pH is the key feature of the AS that is different from SS. The buffer capacity is essentially the measure of high pH action on plant. The deposition of mineral elements and the intracellular unbalance of Na+ and K+ caused by the high pH at AS might be the reason of the decrease of P N and g s and of the destruction of photosynthetic pigments.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Relative growth rate, leaf area and water content declined as salinity increased, more under alkali stress.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- ASe0
- Outcome
- Relative growth rate (RGR), leaf area, and water contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- SSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative growth rate (RGR), leaf area, and water content decreased with increasing salinity, and the extents of the reduction under AS were greater than those under SS”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthetic pigment content increased at low salinity under salt stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SSe0
- Outcome
- contents of photosynthetic pigmentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- low salinitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contents of photosynthetic pigments did not decrease under SS, but increased at low salinity”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthetic pigment content fell sharply with rising salinity under alkali stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ASe0
- Outcome
- contents of photosynthetic pigmentse0
- Direction
- decreased sharplye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the contents of photosynthetic pigments decreased sharply under AS with increasing salinity”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate followed a single peak with salinity under salt stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SSe0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic rate (P N), stomatal conductance (g s), and transpiration rate (E)e0
- Direction
- single-peak curvee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under SS, the changes of net photosynthetic rate (P N), stomatal conductance (g s), and transpiration rate (E) were similar and all varied in a single-peak curve with increasing salinity”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
These gas exchange measures were below controls only above 150 mM under salt stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salinity over 150 mMe0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic rate (P N), stomatal conductance (g s), and transpiration rate (E)e0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under SS, the changes of net photosynthetic rate (P N), stomatal conductance (g s), and transpiration rate (E) were similar and all varied in a single-peak curve with increasing salinity, and they were lower than those of control only at salinity over 150 mM”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Net photosynthetic rate, conductance and transpiration fell sharply with rising salinity under alkali stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ASe0
- Outcome
- P N, g s, and Ee0
- Direction
- decreased sharplye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under AS, P N, g s, and E decreased sharply with rising salinity”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot sodium content and sodium to potassium ratio increased under both stresses.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- both stressese0
- Outcome
- Na+ content and Na+/K+ ratio in shoote0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Na+ content and Na+/K+ ratio in shoot increased and the K+ content in shoot decreased under both stresses”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot potassium content decreased under both stresses.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- both stressese0
- Outcome
- K+ content in shoote0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Na+ content and Na+/K+ ratio in shoot increased and the K+ content in shoot decreased under both stresses”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral changes were greater under alkali than salt stress.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the changing extents under AS were greater than those under SS”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Alkali stress damaged wheat growth and photosynthesis more severely than salt stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- ASe0
- Outcome
- growth and photosynthesise0
- Direction
- more severee0
- Comparator
- SSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the destructive effects of AS on the growth and photosynthesis of wheat are more severe than those under SS”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · physiology: photosynthesis · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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