Abstract
Nutrient concentrations in different tree compartments and the effects of PK(MgB) and NPK(MgB) fertilization were studied in a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand growing on a low‐shrub pine bog in eastern Finland. The nutrient concentrations in all tree compartments were lower than those for plant material in general, although they did not differ very much from the values obtained from Scots pine in previous studies. The nutrient composition of the current needles were closest to those considered optimum for the development of higher plants. The highest macronutrient concentrations were found in the foliage. Zinc, Cu and B concentrations were also high in the living branches, stembark and small and fine roots. Iron concentrations were highest in the small and fine roots and dead branches. Stemwood had the lowest nutrient concentrations. The rapidly soluble ammonium nitrate and potassium chloride fertilizers increased the foliar and stemwood N and K concentrations within the three year study period. Nitrogen concentrations also increased in the small and fine roots, and those of K in the living branches. The fertilization effect was greater in the young needles than in the old ones, indicating a delay in nutrient uptake, or retranslocation from the old needles to the youngest ones. Slowly soluble raw phosphate fertilizer clearly increased the small and fine root phosphorous concentrations only. The effect of sodium borate was rapid in the above‐ground compartments, where the B concentrations increased in the foliage and living branches. The B concentrations increased more in the older than in the younger needles, which was explained by poor translocation of the fertilizer B in the foliage. Magnesium sulphate fertilization did not change the Mg concentration in any of the studied tree compartments. The decrease in foliar Fe and Mn concentrations after fertilization could be due to the “dilution effect”; of the main nutrient fertilization, inhibited uptake by other fertilizer cations or soil reactions. The foliar N, P, K and B concentrations and N/K and N/P ratios were below the optimum values before fertilization. The foliar N and P concentrations and N/P and N/K ratios remained below the optimum values despite the changes caused by fertilization. The K and B concentrations reached optimum values in the current needles.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient concentrations in all tree compartments were below general plant material values.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestris
Pinus sylvestrist0 - Outcome
- nutrient concentrations in all tree compartmentse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- plant material in generale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nutrient concentrations in all tree compartments were lower than those for plant material in general”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Current-needle nutrient composition was closest to optimum.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Outcome
- nutrient composition of the current needlese0
- Direction
- closeste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nutrient composition of the current needles were closest to those considered optimum for the development of higher plants”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Macronutrient concentrations were highest in foliage.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Organ / stage
- foliagee0
- Outcome
- macronutrient concentrationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest macronutrient concentrations were found in the foliage”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc, Cu and B concentrations were high in living branches, bark and small roots.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Organ / stage
- living branches, stembark and small and fine rootse0
- Outcome
- Zinc, Cu and B concentrationse0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc, Cu and B concentrations were also high in the living branches, stembark and small and fine roots”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron concentration was highest in roots and dead branches.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Organ / stage
- small and fine roots and dead branchese0
- Outcome
- Iron concentrationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Iron concentrations were highest in the small and fine roots and dead branches”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Stemwood had the lowest nutrient concentrations.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Organ / stage
- Stemwoode0
- Outcome
- nutrient concentrationse0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stemwood had the lowest nutrient concentrations”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium nitrate and potassium chloride increased foliage and stemwood N and K concentrations.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Treatment
- ammonium nitrate and potassium chloride fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- foliar and stemwood N and K concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rapidly soluble ammonium nitrate and potassium chloride fertilizers increased the foliar and stemwood N and K concentrations”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization raised root N and living-branch K concentrations.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Organ / stage
- small and fine rootse0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen concentrations also increased in the small and fine roots, and those of K in the living branches”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization had a greater effect in young needles.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Organ / stage
- young needlese0
- Outcome
- fertilization effecte0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- old onese0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fertilization effect was greater in the young needles than in the old ones”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Raw phosphate increased root phosphorus concentrations.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Treatment
- raw phosphate fertilizere0
- Outcome
- small and fine root phosphorous concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Slowly soluble raw phosphate fertilizer clearly increased the small and fine root phosphorous concentrations only”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium borate increased foliage and branch B concentrations.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Organ / stage
- foliage and living branchese0
- Treatment
- sodium boratee0
- Outcome
- B concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of sodium borate was rapid in the above‐ground compartments, where the B concentrations increased in the foliage and living branches”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
B rose more in older than younger needles.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Organ / stage
- oldere0
- Outcome
- B concentrationse0
- Direction
- increased moree0
- Comparator
- younger needlese0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The B concentrations increased more in the older than in the younger needles”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnesium sulphate did not alter tissue Mg concentration.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Treatment
- Magnesium sulphate fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- Mg concentratione0
- Direction
- did not changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Magnesium sulphate fertilization did not change the Mg concentration in any of the studied tree compartments”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization decreased foliage Fe and Mn concentrations.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Treatment
- fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- foliar Fe and Mn concentrationse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The decrease in foliar Fe and Mn concentrations after fertilization”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar N, P, K and B and their nutrient ratios were below optimum before fertilization.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Outcome
- foliar N, P, K and B concentrations and N/K and N/P ratiose0
- Direction
- belowe0
- Comparator
- optimum valuese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar N, P, K and B concentrations and N/K and N/P ratios were below the optimum values before fertilization”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar N and P and N/P and N/K ratios remained below optimum after fertilization.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Outcome
- foliar N and P concentrations and N/P and N/K ratiose0
- Direction
- belowe0
- Comparator
- optimum valuese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar N and P concentrations and N/P and N/K ratios remained below the optimum values despite the changes caused by fertilization”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
K and B concentrations reached optimum in current needles.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Organ / stage
- current needlese0
- Outcome
- K and B concentrationse0
- Direction
- reachede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The K and B concentrations reached optimum values in the current needles”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · nutrient: content · Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- no effect
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.