Abstract
Abstract An Egyptian cultivar of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kara) was grown in the field at two locations in northern Egypt: a ‘rural’ and a ‘suburban’ site, from October 2000 and November 2002. The antiozonant ethylenediurea (EDU) and the fungicide chlorothalonil (1,3‐benzenedicarbonitrile‐2,4,5,6 tetrachloroisophthalnitrile) were applied as a foliar spray to plants at both sites. It was found that foliar injury symptoms were reduced greatly in plants treated with EDU and/or chlorothalonil, and the yield of treated plants was higher than that of the untreated ones, with the EDU having a greater protection than chlorothalonil. Antiozonant (EDU) and fungicide (chlorothalonil) combination sprays were even more effective in reducing O 3 injury. Moreover, the percentage of protection was higher in the rural area than in the suburban one, and this was associated with higher levels of O 3 recorded in the rural area. The response to O 3 , EDU, and chlorothalonil of the leaf antioxidant scavenger system was examined. Antiozonant‐treated plants had the highest reduced glutathione/oxidised glutathione ratio. The results suggest that EDU and chlorothalonil do not act directly as antiozonant to inhibit O 3 injury but act through maintaining some antioxidant enzymes during O 3 exposure. To the best of knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the marked enhancement of yield and plant oxidative enzymes by fungicides as a mechanism of protecting plants against noxious oxidative stress from the environment in the developing world.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
EDU and/or chlorothalonil sprays greatly reduced foliar injury symptoms in potato.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosume0 - Treatment
- EDU and/or chlorothalonile1
- Outcome
- foliar injury symptomse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- greatlye1
- Setting
- field at two locations in northern Egypte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An Egyptian cultivar of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kara) was grown in the field at two locations in northern Egypt”
e1“foliar injury symptoms were reduced greatly in plants treated with EDU and/or chlorothalonil”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield of EDU and/or chlorothalonil treated potato plants was higher than that of untreated plants.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- EDU and/or chlorothalonile1
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- untreated onese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An Egyptian cultivar of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kara) was grown in the field at two locations in northern Egypt”
e1“foliar injury symptoms were reduced greatly in plants treated with EDU and/or chlorothalonil”
e2“the yield of treated plants was higher than that of the untreated ones”
Claim · model-written summary
EDU gave greater protection than chlorothalonil.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- EDUe3
- Outcome
- protectione3
- Direction
- greatere3
- Comparator
- chlorothalonile3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An Egyptian cultivar of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kara) was grown in the field at two locations in northern Egypt”
e3“with the EDU having a greater protection than chlorothalonil”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined EDU and chlorothalonil sprays were even more effective in reducing O3 injury.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- Antiozonant (EDU) and fungicide (chlorothalonil) combination sprayse4
- Outcome
- O 3 injurye4
- Direction
- reducinge4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An Egyptian cultivar of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kara) was grown in the field at two locations in northern Egypt”
e4“Antiozonant (EDU) and fungicide (chlorothalonil) combination sprays were even more effective in reducing O 3 injury”
Claim · model-written summary
The percentage of protection was higher in the rural area than in the suburban area.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- percentage of protectione5
- Direction
- highere5
- Comparator
- suburban onee5
- Setting
- rural areae5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An Egyptian cultivar of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kara) was grown in the field at two locations in northern Egypt”
e5“the percentage of protection was higher in the rural area than in the suburban one”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher percentage protection was associated with higher O3 levels in the rural area.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Compound
- O 3e6
- Outcome
- percentage of protectione5
- Direction
- highere6
- Setting
- rural areae6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An Egyptian cultivar of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kara) was grown in the field at two locations in northern Egypt”
e5“the percentage of protection was higher in the rural area than in the suburban one”
e6“this was associated with higher levels of O 3 recorded in the rural area”
Claim · model-written summary
Antiozonant-treated plants had the highest reduced glutathione to oxidised glutathione ratio.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- Antiozonant‐treatede7
- Outcome
- reduced glutathione/oxidised glutathione ratioe7
- Direction
- higheste7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An Egyptian cultivar of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kara) was grown in the field at two locations in northern Egypt”
e7“Antiozonant‐treated plants had the highest reduced glutathione/oxidised glutathione ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
EDU and chlorothalonil act through maintaining antioxidant enzymes during O3 exposure rather than directly as antiozonants.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- EDU and chlorothalonile7
- Gene
- antioxidant enzymese7
- Outcome
- O 3 injurye7
- Qualifier
- act through maintaining some antioxidant enzymes during O 3 exposuree7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An Egyptian cultivar of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kara) was grown in the field at two locations in northern Egypt”
e7“The results suggest that EDU and chlorothalonil do not act directly as antiozonant to inhibit O 3 injury but act through maintaining some antioxidant enzymes during O 3 exposure”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicides markedly enhanced yield and plant oxidative enzymes in potato.
- Taxon
- Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- fungicidese1
- Outcome
- plant oxidative enzymese1
- Direction
- enhancemente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An Egyptian cultivar of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kara) was grown in the field at two locations in northern Egypt”
e1“the marked enhancement of yield and plant oxidative enzymes by fungicides”
The same questions in other papers
chlorothalonil · yield · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
7 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →application · crop injury · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →fungicide · crop injury · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.