Abstract
A high level of oxalate intake constitutes a health risk for infants and metabolically disposed adults. Spinach, acclaimed for its many health benefits, is among the vegetables richest in oxalate. Blanching reduces oxalate unsatisfactorily and unspecifically. An alternative, biological method is proposed on the basis of rye seedlings or radicles (also barley and wheat) containing an oxalate-specific oxalate oxidase by nature. Dissolved oxalate (0.25 mM) was rapidly degraded in the presence of radicles (e.g., 70% within 100 min). With commercial deep-frozen spinach, near-complete degradation of soluble oxalate was achieved at pH 3.5. The total level of oxalate was reduced by half. Similarly high rates occurred from 18 to 35 degrees C. Even at 55 degrees C appreciable rates were observed. The seedling as a whole is effective, too, and enrichment with cereal-specific healthy components would occur. Removal of oxalate from other vegetables, juices, cycled process waters, or feeds is conceivable with fresh or heat-dried cereal seedlings or radicles.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Dissolved oxalate was rapidly degraded in the presence of radicles, about 70% within 100 min.
- Taxon
- rye
Secale cerealee2 - Organ / stage
- radiclese1
- Treatment
- presence of radiclese1
- Outcome
- Dissolved oxalatee1
- Direction
- degradede1
- Value
- 70% within 100 mine1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Dissolved oxalate (0.25 mM) was rapidly degraded in the presence of radicles (e.g., 70% within 100 min)”
e2“on the basis of rye seedlings or radicles (also barley and wheat)”
Claim · model-written summary
Near-complete degradation of soluble oxalate was achieved in commercial deep-frozen spinach at pH 3.5.
- Taxon
- spinach
Spinacia oleraceae3 - Material
- commercial deep-frozen spinache3
- Treatment
- pH 3.5e3
- Outcome
- soluble oxalatee3
- Direction
- near-complete degradatione3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“With commercial deep-frozen spinach, near-complete degradation of soluble oxalate was achieved at pH 3.5”
Claim · model-written summary
The total level of oxalate in spinach was reduced by half.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae5
- Outcome
- total level of oxalatee4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- by halfe4
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The total level of oxalate was reduced by half”
e5“With commercial deep-frozen spinach, near-complete degradation of soluble oxalate was achieved at pH 3.5”
Claim · model-written summary
High oxalate degradation rates occurred from 18 to 35 degrees C.
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee2
- Treatment
- 18 to 35 degrees Ce6
- Outcome
- ratese6
- Direction
- highe6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Similarly high rates occurred from 18 to 35 degrees C”
e2“on the basis of rye seedlings or radicles (also barley and wheat)”
Claim · model-written summary
Appreciable oxalate degradation rates were observed at 55 degrees C.
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee2
- Treatment
- 55 degrees Ce7
- Outcome
- ratese7
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Even at 55 degrees C appreciable rates were observed”
e2“on the basis of rye seedlings or radicles (also barley and wheat)”
Claim · model-written summary
The rye seedling as a whole is effective for oxalate degradation.
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee2
- Outcome
- effectivee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The seedling as a whole is effective, too”
e2“on the basis of rye seedlings or radicles (also barley and wheat)”
The same questions in other papers
ph · molecular: metabolites · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.