Abstract
Abstract Crop residues (stover) have many potential uses by society: food, feed, shelter, fuel, and soil amendment. Use of residues for purposes other than as a soil amendment may have serious negative consequences on crop productivity. This study was conducted to investigate the yield response of continuous corn ( Zea mays L.) and continuous soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] to removal or addition of crop residues under no‐tillage management. The study was conducted near Lincoln, NE, on a Crete‐Butler silty clay loam (fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Pachic Arguistoll‐Abruptic Argiaquoll) with 1 to 2% slope. Crop residue was collected and weighed immediately after harvest in autumn. Quantity of residue to be returned to each treatment (0, 50, 100, or 150% of that produced) was calculated and uniformly spread over the plot area (12.2 by 12.2 m) by hand. Corn and soybean were planted into the established residue levels with no tillage the following spring. Data were collected on soil water, soil temperature, and grain and residue yield. A positive linear response was found between grain and stover yield and amount of residue applied to the soil surface. Each Mg ha −1 of residue removed resulted in about a 0.10 Mg ha −1 reduction in grain yield and a 0.30 Mg ha −1 reduction in residue yield. Quantity of applied residue accounted for 81 and 84% of the variation in grain yield of corn and soybean, respectively, and 88 and 92% of the variation in residue yield. Amounts of stored soil water at planting were closely associated with quantity of residue applied the previous year. Differences in total available water (soil storage at planting plus rainfall) accounted for approximately 70% of the yield variation associated with the residue treatments. Soil temperature (50‐mm depth) and total available water accounted for nearly the same amount of variation in yield (80 to 90%) as quantity of residue, emphasizing the importance of these factors in evaluating response of crops to residue‐management practices. Residue removal reduced grain and residue yields by amounts equal to 10 and 30%, respectively, of the quantity of residue removed. Residue effects on crop yield were induced mainly through changes in soil water and soil temperature.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield rose linearly with applied residue.
- Taxon
- corn and soybean
Glycine max
Zea mays subsp. mayse0t0 - Treatment
- amount of residue appliede0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- positive linear responsee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A positive linear response was found between grain and stover yield and amount of residue applied to the soil surface. Each Mg ha −1 of residue removed resulted in about a 0.10 Mg ha −1 reduction in grain yield”
t0“Corn and Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Stover yield rose linearly with applied residue.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse0t0
- Treatment
- amount of residue appliede0
- Outcome
- stover yielde0
- Direction
- positive linear responsee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A positive linear response was found between grain and stover yield and amount of residue applied to the soil surface”
t0“Corn and Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing each Mg of residue reduced grain yield by about 0.10 Mg per hectare.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse0t0
- Treatment
- Each Mg ha −1 of residue removede0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 0.10 Mg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- residue removede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Each Mg ha −1 of residue removed resulted in about a 0.10 Mg ha −1 reduction in grain yield”
t0“Corn and Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing each Mg of residue reduced residue yield by about 0.30 Mg per hectare.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse0t0
- Treatment
- Each Mg ha −1 of residue removede0
- Outcome
- residue yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 0.30 Mg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- residue removede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Each Mg ha −1 of residue removed resulted in about a 0.10 Mg ha −1 reduction in grain yield and a 0.30 Mg ha −1 reduction in residue yield”
t0“Corn and Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied residue explained 81% of corn grain yield variation.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Quantity of applied residuee0
- Outcome
- variation in grain yielde0
- Value
- 81e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Quantity of applied residue accounted for 81 and 84% of the variation in grain yield of corn and soybean, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied residue explained 84% of soybean grain yield variation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0t0
- Treatment
- Quantity of applied residuee0
- Outcome
- variation in grain yielde0
- Value
- 84%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Quantity of applied residue accounted for 81 and 84% of the variation in grain yield of corn and soybean, respectively”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied residue explained 88% of corn residue yield variation.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- residuee0
- Outcome
- variation in residue yielde0
- Value
- 88e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Quantity of applied residue accounted for 81 and 84% of the variation in grain yield of corn and soybean, respectively, and 88 and 92% of the variation in residue yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied residue explained 92% of soybean residue yield variation.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and 88 and 92% of the variation in residue yield”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil water at planting was closely associated with prior residue quantity.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse0t0
- Treatment
- quantity of residue applied the previous yeare0
- Outcome
- stored soil water at plantinge0
- Direction
- closely associatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Amounts of stored soil water at planting were closely associated with quantity of residue applied the previous year”
t0“Corn and Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Total available water explained approximately 70% of residue-associated yield variation.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse0t0
- Outcome
- yield variatione0
- Value
- approximately 70%e0
- Qualifier
- total available watere0
- Comparator
- residue treatmentse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Differences in total available water (soil storage at planting plus rainfall) accounted for approximately 70% of the yield variation associated with the residue treatments”
t0“Corn and Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil temperature and available water explained 80 to 90% of yield variation.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse0t0
- Outcome
- variation in yielde0
- Value
- 80 to 90%e0
- Qualifier
- Soil temperature (50‐mm depth) and total available watere0
- Comparator
- quantity of residuee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil temperature (50‐mm depth) and total available water accounted for nearly the same amount of variation in yield (80 to 90%) as quantity of residue”
t0“Corn and Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue effects on yield were mainly attributed to soil water and temperature changes.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse0t0
- Outcome
- crop yielde0
- Qualifier
- changes in soil water and soil temperaturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Residue effects on crop yield were induced mainly through changes in soil water and soil temperature”
t0“Corn and Soybean”
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See all 47 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.