Abstract
SUMMARY All isolates of Verticillium albo‐atrum from lucerne are virulently pathogenic to this host, whereas V. dahliae is only slightly pathogenic. Isolates of both fungi from other crop plants do not produce symptoms when inoculated into lucerne, suggesting a degree of specialization in the ‘lucerne strains’ of V. albo‐atrum and V. dahliae. However, both these strains can infect broad bean, strawberry, Italian clover ( Hedy‐sarum coronarium ) and pea, while V. albo‐atrum may also attack potatoes and runner beans. V. albo‐atrum spreads rapidly underground from diseased to healthy lucerne plants, particularly when they are closely planted. Resting mycelium remains viable for 9 months in pieces of moribund lucerne buried 12 in. in soil, for 7 months at 6 in. and for only 5 months at the surface. V. albo‐atrum spreads from buried infected lucerne debris to the adjacent soil and can be re‐isolated for up to 9 months from 12 in. and for 5 months from 6 in. levels. In pot experiments a correlation was found between the speed of symptom development and the number of conidia in contact with the root system. Isolates of the fungus from lucerne can infect a number of common weeds ( Plantago lanceolata, Polygonum persicaria, Sinapis arvensis, Rumex obtusifolius, Solanum nigrum, Papaver rhoeas, Capsella bursa‐pastoris, Senecio vulgaris and Anthemis cotula ) and the fungus is still pathogenic to lucerne when re‐isolated. Field observations in Norfolk show that harvesting machinery may be the carrier of both the initial infection and the later spread throughout the crop. The incidence of disease increases with the age of the stand; a significant decrease of dry‐weight yield of diseased lucerne occurs during the second harvest year: this often necessitates the ploughing‐in of badly wilted crops before they reach their third harvest.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
All Verticillium albo‐atrum isolates from lucerne are virulently pathogenic to lucerne.
- Taxon
- lucerne
Medicago sativae0 - Interactor
- Verticillium albo‐atrum
Verticillium albo-atrume0pathogen - Outcome
- virulently pathogenice0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All isolates of Verticillium albo‐atrum from lucerne are virulently pathogenic to this host”
Claim · model-written summary
V. dahliae from lucerne is only slightly pathogenic to lucerne.
- Taxon
- lucerneMedicago sativae0
- Interactor
- V. dahliae
Verticillium dahliaee0pathogen - Outcome
- only slightly pathogenice0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All isolates of Verticillium albo‐atrum from lucerne are virulently pathogenic to this host, whereas V. dahliae is only slightly pathogenic.”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates of both fungi from other crop plants produce no symptoms after inoculation into lucerne, suggesting strain specialization.
- Taxon
- lucerneMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Interactor
- V. albo‐atrume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- V. dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- do not produce symptomse0
- Qualifier
- from other crop plantse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Isolates of both fungi from other crop plants do not produce symptoms when inoculated into lucerne, suggesting a degree of specialization in the ‘lucerne strains’ of V. albo‐atrum and V. dahliae.”
Claim · model-written summary
Both lucerne strains can infect broad bean.
- Taxon
- broad bean
Vicia fabae0 - Interactor
- V. albo‐atrume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- V. dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- infecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both these strains can infect broad bean, strawberry, Italian clover ( Hedy‐sarum coronarium ) and pea”
e1“‘lucerne strains’ of V. albo‐atrum and V. dahliae”
Claim · model-written summary
Both lucerne strains can infect strawberry.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassae0 - Interactor
- V. albo‐atrume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- V. dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- infecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“both these strains can infect broad bean, strawberry, Italian clover ( Hedy‐sarum coronarium ) and pea”
e1“‘lucerne strains’ of V. albo‐atrum and V. dahliae”
Claim · model-written summary
Both lucerne strains can infect Italian clover.
- Taxon
- Italian clovere0
- Interactor
- V. albo‐atrume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- V. dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- infecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both these strains can infect broad bean, strawberry, Italian clover ( Hedy‐sarum coronarium ) and pea”
e1“‘lucerne strains’ of V. albo‐atrum and V. dahliae”
Claim · model-written summary
Both lucerne strains can infect pea.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Interactor
- V. albo‐atrume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- V. dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- infecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both these strains can infect broad bean, strawberry, Italian clover ( Hedy‐sarum coronarium ) and pea”
e1“‘lucerne strains’ of V. albo‐atrum and V. dahliae”
Claim · model-written summary
V. albo‐atrum may attack potatoes.
- Taxon
- potatoes
Solanum tuberosume0 - Interactor
- V. albo‐atrume0pathogen
- Outcome
- attacke0
- Qualifier
- maye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“V. albo‐atrum may also attack potatoes and runner beans.”
Claim · model-written summary
V. albo‐atrum may attack runner beans.
Verbatim
e0“V. albo‐atrum may also attack potatoes and runner beans.”
Claim · model-written summary
V. albo‐atrum rapidly spreads underground between lucerne plants, particularly at close spacing.
- Taxon
- lucerneMedicago sativae0
- Interactor
- V. albo‐atrume0pathogen
- Outcome
- spreads rapidly undergrounde0
- Qualifier
- particularly when they are closely plantede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“V. albo‐atrum spreads rapidly underground from diseased to healthy lucerne plants, particularly when they are closely planted.”
Claim · model-written summary
Resting mycelium in buried moribund lucerne remains viable for 9 months at 12 inches depth.
- Taxon
- V. albo‐atrume1
- Interactor
- lucerneMedicago sativae0host
- Outcome
- Resting mycelium remains viablee0
- Value
- 9 monthse0
- Qualifier
- buried 12 in. in soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Resting mycelium remains viable for 9 months in pieces of moribund lucerne buried 12 in. in soil, for 7 months at 6 in. and for only 5 months at the surface.”
e1“V. albo‐atrum spreads rapidly underground”
Claim · model-written summary
Resting mycelium in moribund lucerne remains viable for 7 months at 6 inches depth.
- Taxon
- V. albo‐atrume1
- Interactor
- lucerneMedicago sativae0host
- Outcome
- Resting mycelium remains viablee0
- Value
- 7 monthse0
- Qualifier
- at 6 in.e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Resting mycelium remains viable for 9 months in pieces of moribund lucerne buried 12 in. in soil, for 7 months at 6 in. and for only 5 months at the surface.”
e1“V. albo‐atrum spreads rapidly underground”
Claim · model-written summary
Resting mycelium in moribund lucerne remains viable for only 5 months at the surface.
- Taxon
- V. albo‐atrume1
- Interactor
- lucerneMedicago sativae0host
- Outcome
- Resting mycelium remains viablee0
- Value
- 5 monthse0
- Qualifier
- at the surfacee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Resting mycelium remains viable for 9 months in pieces of moribund lucerne buried 12 in. in soil, for 7 months at 6 in. and for only 5 months at the surface.”
e1“V. albo‐atrum spreads rapidly underground”
Claim · model-written summary
V. albo‐atrum spreads from buried lucerne debris into adjacent soil and can be re-isolated for up to 9 months at 12 inches.
- Taxon
- V. albo‐atrume0
- Interactor
- lucerneMedicago sativae0host
- Outcome
- can be re‐isolatede0
- Value
- 9 monthse0
- Qualifier
- from 12 in.e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“V. albo‐atrum spreads from buried infected lucerne debris to the adjacent soil and can be re‐isolated for up to 9 months from 12 in. and for 5 months from 6 in. levels.”
Claim · model-written summary
V. albo‐atrum can be re-isolated from soil adjacent to buried lucerne debris for 5 months at 6 inches.
- Taxon
- V. albo‐atrume0
- Interactor
- lucerneMedicago sativae0host
- Outcome
- can be re‐isolatede0
- Value
- 5 monthse0
- Qualifier
- from 6 in. levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“V. albo‐atrum spreads from buried infected lucerne debris to the adjacent soil and can be re‐isolated for up to 9 months from 12 in. and for 5 months from 6 in. levels.”
Claim · model-written summary
In pot experiments symptom development speed correlated with conidia contacting the lucerne root system.
- Taxon
- lucerneMedicago sativat0
- Organ / stage
- root systeme0
- Interactor
- V. albo‐atrume1pathogen
- Outcome
- speed of symptom developmente0
- Comparator
- number of conidiae0
- Setting
- pot experimentse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In pot experiments a correlation was found between the speed of symptom development and the number of conidia in contact with the root system.”
t0“lucerne”
e1“V. albo‐atrum spreads from buried infected lucerne debris”
Claim · model-written summary
Lucerne fungal isolates infect the listed common weeds and remain pathogenic to lucerne after re-isolation.
- Taxon
- common weedse0
- Interactor
- V. albo‐atrume1pathogen
- Outcome
- infecte0
- Qualifier
- Plantago lanceolata, Polygonum persicaria, Sinapis arvensis, Rumex obtusifolius, Solanum nigrum, Papaver rhoeas, Capsella bursa‐pastoris, Senecio vulgaris and Anthemis cotulae0
Schema note from the model: Host results grouped to retain valued results within the 20-claim budget.
Verbatim
e0“Isolates of the fungus from lucerne can infect a number of common weeds ( Plantago lanceolata, Polygonum persicaria, Sinapis arvensis, Rumex obtusifolius, Solanum nigrum, Papaver rhoeas, Capsella bursa‐pastoris, Senecio vulgaris and Anthemis cotula ) and the fungus is still pathogenic to lucerne when re‐isolated.”
e1“V. albo‐atrum spreads from buried infected lucerne debris”
Claim · model-written summary
Norfolk field observations suggest harvesting machinery carries initial infection and subsequent crop spread.
- Taxon
- lucerneMedicago sativat0
- Outcome
- initial infection and the later spreade0
- Qualifier
- harvesting machinery may be the carriere0
- Setting
- Norfolke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field observations in Norfolk show that harvesting machinery may be the carrier of both the initial infection and the later spread throughout the crop.”
t0“lucerne”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease incidence increases with lucerne stand age.
- Taxon
- lucerneMedicago sativat0
- Organ / stage
- stande0
- Outcome
- incidence of diseasee0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Qualifier
- age of the stande0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The incidence of disease increases with the age of the stand”
t0“lucerne”
Claim · model-written summary
Diseased lucerne has significantly decreased dry-weight yield in the second harvest year, often requiring ploughing-in before the third harvest.
- Taxon
- lucerneMedicago sativae0
- Outcome
- dry‐weight yielde0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- during the second harvest yeare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant decrease of dry‐weight yield of diseased lucerne occurs during the second harvest year: this often necessitates the ploughing‐in of badly wilted crops before they reach their third harvest.”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · disease · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 22 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
32 papers more in this group
See all 36 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.