Abstract
ABSTRACT Although exogenous application of silicon (Si) confers efficient control of rice blast, the probable hypothesis underlying this phenomenon has been confined to that of a mechanical barrier resulting from Si polymerization in planta. However, in this study, we provide the first cytological evidence that Si-mediated resistance to Magnaporthe grisea in rice correlates with specific leaf cell reaction that interfered with the development of the fungus. Accumulation of an amorphous material that stained densely with toluidine blue and reacted positively to osmium tetroxide was a typical feature of cell reaction to infection by M. grisea in samples from Si+ plants. As a result, the extent of fungal colonization was markedly reduced in samples from Si+ plants. In samples from Si- plants, M. grisea grew actively and colonized all leaf tissues. Cytochemi-cal labeling of chitin revealed no difference in the pattern of chitin localization over fungal cell walls of either Si+ or Si- plants at 96 h after inoculation, indicating limited production of chitinases by the rice plant as a mechanism of defense response. On the other hand, the occurrence of empty fungal hyphae, surrounded or trapped in amorphous material, in samples from Si+ plants suggests that phenolic-like compounds or phytoalexins played a primary role in rice defense response against infection by M. grisea. This finding brings new insights into the complex role played by Si in the nature of rice blast resistance.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon-mediated resistance to M. grisea in rice correlated with a leaf cell reaction that impeded fungal development.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- Si-mediatede0
- Interactor
- Magnaporthe grisea
Pyricularia griseae0pathogen - Outcome
- resistance to Magnaporthe griseae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si-mediated resistance to Magnaporthe grisea in rice correlates with specific leaf cell reaction that interfered with the development of the fungus”
Claim · model-written summary
An amorphous, toluidine blue staining and osmium tetroxide reactive material accumulated in infected leaf cells of Si+ rice plants.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Si+e0
- Interactor
- M. griseaPyricularia griseae0pathogen
- Outcome
- Accumulation of an amorphous materiale0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Accumulation of an amorphous material that stained densely with toluidine blue and reacted positively to osmium tetroxide was a typical feature of cell reaction to infection by M. grisea in samples from Si+ plants”
t0“Rice Blast”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal colonization was markedly reduced in Si+ rice plants.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Si+e0
- Outcome
- fungal colonizatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the extent of fungal colonization was markedly reduced in samples from Si+ plants”
t0“Rice Blast”
Claim · model-written summary
M. grisea actively colonized all leaf tissues in Si- rice plants.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Si-e0
- Interactor
- M. griseaPyricularia griseae0pathogen
- Outcome
- colonized all leaf tissuese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In samples from Si- plants, M. grisea grew actively and colonized all leaf tissues”
t0“Rice Blast”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitin localization on fungal cell walls did not differ between Si+ and Si- rice plants at 96 h after inoculation.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Si+e0
- Outcome
- pattern of chitin localization over fungal cell wallse0
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Qualifier
- 96 h after inoculatione0
- Comparator
- Si-e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no difference in the pattern of chitin localization over fungal cell walls of either Si+ or Si- plants at 96 h after inoculation”
t0“Rice Blast”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpreted the chitin localization pattern as indicating limited chitinase production in rice defense.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- chitinasese0
- Outcome
- limited production of chitinasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“indicating limited production of chitinases by the rice plant as a mechanism of defense response”
Claim · model-written summary
Empty fungal hyphae trapped in amorphous material in Si+ plants suggested a primary defense role for phenolic-like compounds or phytoalexins.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Si+e0
- Interactor
- M. griseaPyricularia griseae0pathogen
- Compound
- phenolic-like compounds or phytoalexinse0
- Outcome
- rice defense responsee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the occurrence of empty fungal hyphae, surrounded or trapped in amorphous material, in samples from Si+ plants suggests that phenolic-like compounds or phytoalexins played a primary role in rice defense response against infection by M. grisea”
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