Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of a reduced maize root-system size on root growth and nitrogen (N) uptake and flow within plants. Restriction of shoot-borne root growth caused a strong decrease in the absorption of root: shoot dry weight ratio and a reduction in shoot growth. On the other hand, compensatory growth and an increased N uptake rate in the remaining roots were observed. Despite the limited long-distance transport pathway in the mesocotyl with restriction of shoot-borne root growth, N cycling within these plants was higher than those in control plants, implying that xylem and phloem flow velocities via the mesocotyl were considerably higher than in plants with an intact root system. The removal of the seminal roots in addition to restricting shoot-borne root development did not affect whole plant growth and N uptake, except for the stronger compensatory growth of the primary roots. Our results suggest that an adequate N supply to maize plant is maintained by compensatory growth of the remaining roots, increased N uptake rate and flow velocities within the xylem and phloem via the mesocotyl, and reduction in the shoot growth rate.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Restricting shoot-borne root growth strongly decreased the root:shoot dry weight ratio in maize.
- Treatment
- Restriction of shoot-borne root growthe0
- Outcome
- root: shoot dry weight ratioe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“Restriction of shoot-borne root growth caused a strong decrease in the absorption of root: shoot dry weight ratio and a reduction in shoot growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Restricting shoot-borne root growth reduced shoot growth in maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“Restriction of shoot-borne root growth caused a strong decrease in the absorption of root: shoot dry weight ratio and a reduction in shoot growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Compensatory growth of the remaining roots was observed in maize with restricted shoot-borne root growth.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“compensatory growth and an increased N uptake rate in the remaining roots were observed”
Claim · model-written summary
N uptake rate in the remaining roots was increased in maize with restricted shoot-borne root growth.
- Organ / stage
- remaining rootse0
- Treatment
- Restriction of shoot-borne root growthe1
- Outcome
- N uptake ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“compensatory growth and an increased N uptake rate in the remaining roots were observed”
e1“Restriction of shoot-borne root growth”
Claim · model-written summary
N cycling within maize plants with restricted shoot-borne root growth was higher than in control plants.
- Treatment
- restriction of shoot-borne root growthe0
- Outcome
- N cyclinge0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“with restriction of shoot-borne root growth, N cycling within these plants was higher than those in control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that xylem and phloem flow velocities via the mesocotyl were considerably higher than in plants with an intact root system.
- Treatment
- restriction of shoot-borne root growthe1
- Outcome
- xylem and phloem flow velocities via the mesocotyle0
- Direction
- considerably highere0
- Comparator
- plants with an intact root systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“xylem and phloem flow velocities via the mesocotyl were considerably higher than in plants with an intact root system”
e1“restriction of shoot-borne root growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing the seminal roots in addition to restricting shoot-borne root development did not affect whole plant growth and N uptake in maize.
- Treatment
- removal of the seminal roots in addition to restricting shoot-borne root developmente0
- Outcome
- whole plant growth and N uptakee0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“The removal of the seminal roots in addition to restricting shoot-borne root development did not affect whole plant growth and N uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing the seminal roots in addition produced stronger compensatory growth of the primary roots.
- Treatment
- removal of the seminal roots in addition to restricting shoot-borne root developmente1
- Outcome
- compensatory growth of the primary rootse0
- Direction
- strongere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“except for the stronger compensatory growth of the primary roots”
e1“The removal of the seminal roots in addition to restricting shoot-borne root development”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that adequate N supply to maize is maintained by compensatory root growth, increased N uptake rate, higher xylem and phloem flow velocities and reduced shoot growth rate.
- Outcome
- adequate N supplye0
- Qualifier
- compensatory growth of the remaining roots, increased N uptake rate and flow velocities within the xylem and phloem via the mesocotyl, and reduction in the shoot growth ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an adequate N supply to maize plant is maintained by compensatory growth of the remaining roots, increased N uptake rate and flow velocities within the xylem and phloem via the mesocotyl, and reduction in the shoot growth rate”